President Obama: FULL INTERVIEW | Real Time with Bill Maher (HBO)

okay we're here with the president we're very excited to be here I'm very excited to be very grateful thank you very much you must be a little wistful you must feel a little like David Ortiz about a month ago where you know you're you're going on to great things in the next chapter of your life sitting and you're still heading but my feet hurt but but you know you'll never quite have a job as exhilarating well you know it it is time you know I tell people that this has been a great run I have

loved this job I'm not going to pretend that there haven't been moments of great frustration but it is a singular privilege I think I'm as good a president now as I've ever been because you learn stuff eight years you've sort of been around the track a bunch of times but I also see now the wisdom of the founders that at a certain point you have to let go for the democracy to work sure that there has to be fresh legs there have to be new people and you have to have the humility to recognize that

you know you're a citizen and and you go back to being a citizen after after this offices is over so we're just trying to run through the tape and the great thing is I've got an unbelievable team around me of people who have done extraordinary work I'm sort of the frontman for it well that's very modest well you know the fact that you that the team won't be there in the same way I think is the only thing that where you have a little bit of regret so we're a week out from the election yeah

and I you're a history buff I think if when we look back if mr. Trump is defeated I'm hopeful that we will be the take away will be that socialism was not such a dirty word anymore because of our friend Bernie Sanders and I'm just wondering why someone who was accused of being a socialist before what do you think about the idea that in America yes were capitalists but some things just should not be for the profit motive health care prisons the military elections and I would add newsgathering people say get the money out of

politics I think you got to get out of the news business first or we're never gonna learn anything well a couple things I say first of all you know if you look at the United States Canada Europe all the advanced democracies then clearly you've got to have a market-based system because it's really productive and it spurs on innovation and freedom and entrepreneurship and you're gonna have to have a social welfare state and you know in some ways the label socialism doesn't make that much sense in a context where there's no economy that doesn't have some

socialist elements meaning that there's some common goods that we all agree everybody should have mm-hmm that's what Social Security is that's what Medicare is to some extent that's what public schools are we all chip in to make sure that everybody no matter the circumstances your birth have these baseline goods and as you know I felt pretty strongly that health care should be one of those one of those goods I've also said in the past that if I were designing a system from scratch I would have probably looked at a single-payer system but we do have

legacy systems and and that's the only thing that sometimes when I've had conversations with Bernie I've said to him yeah we don't start from scratch there there you've got a one trillion dollar health care industry for example and you got a lot of people who are working for it and a lot of special interests involved and so my goal in the Affordable Care Act was if I can get millions of more people insurance then that's my first goal because for them this is not an abstraction it's like I'm not gonna lose my home or my

kids gonna get and that's what we've done but I see it as a starter home and then the question is how do we make sure everybody ultimately gets it because there's still gaps in coverage I think the same is true you know when it comes to some other issues to me I think there is a pretty bright line around prisons I agree with you that the criminal justice system should not be infected by the profit motive this is the awesome power of the state saying we can take somebody's freedom away we can lock them up

because they've breached some part of the social contract the the notion that you want in you might incentivize people to lock more people in or keep them there longer or not provide the kind of rehabilitation services so that they can get out of there I think that's a problem and so I'm very proud of some of the work that we've been trying to do along these lines we got more work to do when it comes to the media that you know that's a tougher call because look state-run media that's what they got in and well

not state-run but just like it used to be where it was a lost leader for that for the network's they didn't have to make a profit because they had a monopoly though to some degree right right so they were fat and happy in this kind of environment it's hard to figure out how you would do that but you know the I think the question I'd have when it comes to the media is how do we create a space where truth gets eyeballs entertaining and we can build a common conversation what is true when I leave

here one of the things I'm most concerned about is the balkanization of the media where you've got eight hundred stations you've got all these websites people have difficulty now just sorting out what's true and what's not yeah and if you don't have some common baseline effects yeah you we can have a disagreement about how to deal with climate change but if we have a big chunk of the country that you share just discounts what 99% of scientists say completely it's very hard to figure out how we move the democracy forward so I don't have a

good formula for that but I think that it's something that I'll spend a lot of time thinking about and seeing if maybe we can build some platforms where everybody says ok let's let's let's let's agree on facts and then argue about means after that ok let me ask you about a question that I know people who watch our show we're interested in which is marijuana reform is that something that you care about I do something I care about it's now we both made jokes about it but it's not funny to the people who get arrested

which is over half a million I think last year you know you and I both could have had our lives ruined not really by smoking it but by being arrested for it right and you know I feel like you had a checklist about let's get rid of a lot of the stupid stuff like opening up Cuba you know you came out for gay marriage I was hoping ending the drug war would be on that list it's on the ballot now in nine states in a week including California for recreational and Arizona and medical in places

like North Dakota isn't it time the federal government caught up to progressive states like Arizona and North Dakota well here's what I'm I have always believed that to the extent that the society legitimately wants to guard against any kind of substance abuse that you treated as a public health problem look I'm an ex-smoker cigarette smoker x.x and really yeah I read your Winker did you get something in your eye there I thought I caught a wink I'm sure I'm a heck out of nicorette really yeah but no what I when I passed health care reform

that was I think right I'd had my last cigarette but but the reason is because there was this enormous public health effort to get kids not to pick up smoking and to make sure the parents felt guilty if if they were passing on that that habit to their kids and I and so that's where I think we need to go with pot alcohol and so so I don't think that legalization is a panacea but I think that we're going to have to have a more serious conversation about how we are treating marijuana and our drug

laws generally the good news is is that after this referenda to some degree it's going to call the question because if in fact it passed in all these states you now have about a fifth of the country that's operating under one set of laws yeah and four-fifths in another the Justice Department DEA FBI for them to try to straddle and figure out how they're supposed to enforce laws in some places and not in others and they're gonna guard against transport transporting these drugs across state lines but you know you've got the entire Pacific corridor where

where this is this is legal that is not going to be tenable now it's not something that I think is gonna happen overnight and I think there are some legitimate concerns that people have about how you draw lines on these issues but it is indisputable that right now the biggest drug crisis we have is with opioids many of which are legal and are ravaging entire communities all across the country and and for us to resore and not think of everything through the criminal justice lens but also through the public health lens I think is something

that's gonna need to happen okay switching topics I don't have anybody from my tribe of atheists ever thank you for giving us a shout out at your first inaugural but you didn't mention non-believers I think it was pardoned once more than one I am it's not just in that speech I've done it often well we appreciate it because we do feel like Untouchables to a degree I mean I don't know if you saw the latest religion survey but almost a quarter of the country are nuns I don't mean the ones who hit me on the

knuckles with a ruler in Sunday school I mean they put none for religion above right right they're not no they're atheists agnostics or they just don't want to get up on Sunday right morning and we have no representation in Congress if if our numbers are represented to be over a hundred Congress people right who felt that way it just seems like we are not included in the basket of diversity in America which is odd because we are the biggest minority that is a bigger minority than any other minority you can name oh don't you think

we should get a little more love you know I guess my question would be whether there is active persecution of atheists I think that there are certain well I I think for a candidate I I think you're right that there are certain we might be my patients probably most prominently politics where there would be a bias against somebody who's agnostic or atheist in running for office I think that's still true outside of that arena though you seem to have done all right with your TV show I am mad I don't I don't get a sense

the extent that they're boycotting you it's because of your other wacky ideas rather than your particular view on religion what a better idea the you know I usually agree with you I I think I think the the average American if they go to the workplace somebody's next to them but they're not poking around trying to figure out what their religious beliefs are so so so here's what I would say that I think that we should foster a culture in which people's private religious beliefs including atheists and agnostics our respected and and and that's the kind

of culture that I think allows all of us then to believe what we want that's freedom of conscience that's what our Constitution guarantees and you know where we get into problems typically is when our personal religious faith or the community of faith that we participate in tips into a sort of fundamentalist extremism in which it's not enough for us to believe what we believe but we start feeling obligated to you know hit you over the head because you don't believe the same thing or to treat you this as somebody who's who's less than than I

am but we might be more pro-science in America if we were less religious don't you think well you know I think the the issues we have with science these days are not restricted to to what's happening with respect to religion I there are a lot of very religious scientists around I think the problem is is that in our school systems and to some degree and this is where it is relevant with school boards around the country that are mandating curriculums and textbooks you start seeing this weird watering down of scientific fact so that our our

kids are growing up in an environment and this connects with a to what I was saying earlier about the media where everything's contested that that nothing is true because if it's on Facebook it all looks the same and if you're reading something from a Nobel prize-winning physicist next to some guy in his underwear and writing in his basement yeah or his mom's basement in on text it looks like it's equally plausible and and part of what we have to do a better job of if our democracy is a function in a complicated diverse society like

this is to teach our kids enough critical thinking to be able to sort out what is true and what is false what is contestable and and what is incontestable and and we seem to have have trouble with that and and our our political system doesn't help okay I want to ask you this question again it's an issue I think you don't get asked a lot about but it's important to my audience I know people will roll their eyes and say it's so California to ask this but food purity yeah something that means a lot to

me somehow it got to be elitist or liberal I don't get that to want food that isn't full of pesticides of food that wasn't created by torturing animals that in factory farms isn't full of antibiotics which is a problem in itself I feel like we're upside down on food we eat too much corn because we grow too much corn because we subsidize too much corn and you know one of the problems with the Affordable Care Act is that people were found to sicker right then expected and that's partly birth of the food I think and

obesity and all the work that Michelle's been doing yeah yeah shouldn't be food would be put more at the top of the agenda when when we come to addressing health care there's no doubt about it that right now we got a disease care system we should have a health care system and health care system would include nutrition exercise but also pushing back on corporal and and and so yeah I think what is true is that for a long time agribusiness has a day obviously my prominent seat at the table in Congress it's bipartisan some of

the reforms that we've tried to initiate for example on the school lunch program have actually made some progress on this front and Michelle deserves a lot of credit for it as do a bunch of organizations that have worked on this you know the the I think the strategy has to be one of persuasion and it has to be more demand driven in the sense that one of the things Michelle's finding is is that when she worked with Walmart or craft or what have you and she said look here's the data this is what parents want

the profit motive can actually work in favor of food purity as long as there's good information out there and so part of our strategy has been how do we make sure that consumers are where they've got the information they need now I will tell you and this may be controversial and some of your audience it is important to look at the science on this stuff so when it comes to antibiotics for example the science is clear we pump our animals full of it and and that's not just a problem in terms of what we're in

ingesting it's also a problem that more and more you know bacteria is becoming resistant to antibiotics but in some cases like for example the GMO debate there are there are areas where there are legitimate concerns there are some areas where the science seems to indicate well this is okay we got back to the science it says it doesn't increase the yield well exact hadn't they used just as many if not more pesticide well that's so so my point is were that what we have to be make sure we're doing whether we're on the left or

the right is being driven by the science and if it turns out that some of these genetically modified foods aren't healthier aren't more productive and use more pesticides then we should follow the science if in some cases they're not causing any harm then we should follow the science there as well and that's what what what I've tried to do in this administration is and then this goes beyond just you know nutrition policy what I always say to my teams are figure out what is right as far as as best we can tell figure out what

the best policy is figure out what the science tells us figure out what the facts tell us what are what are our best ideas out there and sort through them and then once you figure that out then we'll worry about the politics after that don't start with the politics and then try to get the facts to fit into the politics and I think that if you know at minimum what that does is it keeps us tethered to reality it makes us go to bed at night feeling pretty good about us you know what we've been

trying to do because we're not constantly trying to tack to whatever is fashionable or what public opinions are out there we just try to figure out as best we can what is the right answer and I think all of that you think we ask too little of the public politicians you know of course we're always kissing up to the public and saying things like if we only had a government as good as the people but the people aren't very well informed they don't exercise the right to vote and when they do they don't know much

about it I just feel like we don't we don't ask the people very much we're afraid to ask that people eat better you know that the phrase was yes we can I feel like they're not pulling their weight on the we it's a partnership with gonna eat better vote more learn something you know I I actually think that part of the pitch I've made throughout my campaign and throughout my presidency is exactly that that change doesn't come from on high that if you're waiting for Congress then you're gonna be waiting a long time even a

pretty capable well-meaning president is going to only be able to take the country so far without people ordinary folks all across the country being engaged being involved being active yeah I constantly quote Louis Brandeis who said the most important office in a democracy is the office of citizen it's not president it's not senator it's not mayor and so I have tried consistently to say to the American people that this is only going to work if you're engaged now I will tell you having traveled every state met with people from every walk of life people are

basically good I you know I I am a I'm a glass-half-full guy and an optimist about the human spirit you are right though that people are busy they're stressed and they don't have time to follow the intricacies of some debate around Medicaid or you know what's going on in Syria and so part of that what when I say I want a government as good as the the American people what I mean by that is is that I think people's instincts their gut what they what they want out of life and how they want to see

people treated is actually pretty good but the question then becomes how do we get enough information in front of them to be able to make good decisions I've always believed that if I could get into you know if I could sit in the living room with every person in America over you know that I've got the majority on my side and a healthy majority on my side on every issue that we work on just by having a conversation the problem is we got all these filters and look if I watched Fox News I wouldn't vote

for me either right right because you know you've got this screen this funhouse mirror through which people are receiving information how did how to break through that is a big challenge this whole conversation that's been had lately in in the aftermath of the rise of Trump this notion that part of what's happened is is that both Republican and Democratic elites have neglected the white working-class men truth of the matter is is that every policy I've put forward would make a huge difference with the white working-class and the black working class and the Latino working class

whether it's raising the minimum wage or the affordable care act given people health care who don't have it and who are working hard and need help or making sure that unions are strong so that you could have a little more leverage at the workplace or making sure that you know something like the consumer finance Protection Bureau is is may is protecting against some scam mortgage but what is true is that because it's hard to get into the details of all these issues with folks who are running around dropping off their kids at school and trying

to punch the clock and figuring out how to make ends meet and just want to relax when they come home and not watch you know Meet the Press then in that environment a lot of what people take in is just symbols and signifiers and you get into identity politics and cultural wars and and and what I'd like to figure out and I think Democrats do have an affirmative obligation to do that do this is to work harder to to to figure out in this new age what's the equivalent of getting into people's living rooms and

being able to have a conversation and being able to listen to people and and and I've been able to do this successfully during my campaigns I have not always been able to do it as successfully here in this White House partly because this bubble that's created around me does American need to be an empire we have more troops in more places than any Empire in the history of world we spend over 600 billion on defense and that's not including the nukes taking care of veterans homeland security when you add it all up it's probably over

a trillion to keep the monsters away I'm wondering if we could be just as safe spending half as much eisenhower warned when he was close to the end of his second term like you were now about the military-industrial complex and it seems no president of either party ever makes any progress on that pushing back on that will it ever happen did you want to do that well look I keep in mind Billy when I came into office we had 180,000 troops just in Iraq and Afghanistan now we probably have about 15,000 so that's pretty big

but we still spend a bunch of folks who still spend morale you know actually you know our spending I think has has been steady here's what I'd say that humility and foreign policy is is a useful trait particularly in the Oval Office I think bad things happen around the world and our natural instinct is we should do something there are times where our intervention makes a difference but there are a lot of times where unintended consequences can result in more problems when we intervene and sorting out where those where those issues play out is I

think one of the biggest challenges so that any president has my bias is that if it comes to defending the American people against Al Qaeda ISIL somebody who wants to blow up a train station in midtown Manhattan but I'm gonna go after them and I make no apologies about it and I want a vigorous military in place and when it comes to maintaining a basic international order so that a guy like Kim jong-un in North Korea doesn't suddenly start holding all of Asia hostage because he is building a bunch of nuclear weapons and and feels

free to threaten everybody else it's important for us to have alliances in place and to be able to work on the international scene and us having the most powerful military on earth helps that happen it helps check the impulses of some other bad folks and and I will tell you as somebody who has now served as commander in chief for the last eight years not only are the men and women in uniform that I work with extraordinary you know you meet 23 year olds who are in charge of life and death with missions and maintaining

billion-dollar pieces of equipment and they just execute and do it unbelievably well but what you also discover is my top brass Joint Chiefs of Staff they're not the chickenhawks who are going around trying to get us into every single war that you know the the the generals the Colonels the the commanders that I work with they know the wages of war and they're actually pretty thoughtful about it and typically in the Situation Room they're the ones who are like well before we go half-cocked on something let's really think about this because this is what it

would be involved and they have seen what's what's involved because most of them our people who were fighting in Iraq and fighting in Afghanistan and they know how hard these environments are and that no matter how good our intentions a lot of times it can go haywire but having said all that I think we should have restraint I think we should have humility I think we have to wherever possible work multilaterally and not just unilaterally because if we can't organize coalition's to do things that means that maybe we're we haven't thought everything through having said

all that it turns out that as as flawed is sometimes our foreign policy can be or whatever blind spots we have we really are the indispensable nation if we if there is a you know typhoon that wipes out someplace in Southeast Asia our military is the only organization that has the infrastructure to help those folks quickly when a bola came out we actually had to build the platform whereby everybody else could even think about bringing their doctors and nurses in if you have a rogue nation that decided it was going to you know take action

that significantly threatened a lot of people I'd want to know that the US military was there and so and and and I can tell you sitting aside our military power there's not an international meeting I go to in which if we weren't sitting at the table nothing get done because for the most part other countries don't have either the capacity or the inclination and when you've got a bunch of authoritarian governments out there and creeping authoritarian impulse around the world we also are the ones who are pushing back most effectively imperfectly but most effectively against

locking up journalists and killing human rights activists and making sure that poor people get food and dealing with public health crises I think if you see the world from my seat I won't a sort of a sort of that the one thing I think is important for progressives to guard against is a tendency sometimes to not fully appreciate that abet America the bad guys that America is a pretty is not just a great nation in the sense that it's powerful but that our values and I are and our ideals actually matter and we do a

lot of good around the world and there's some things that we do that are either ineffective or imperfect but there's a lot to be proud of and there's a lot to build on yeah now what we got to do is make sure that we get our own house in order so that we can key on doing they know you're off to Ohio right you've got an election to rigged and I want you I want you to get out there because boy it's it's a very nervous time for a stately people who are worried about mr.

Trump that the stakes are high I I know we you know we're getting the we're getting there we're getting the Gong but but but but I will say this the choice in this election should be really clear and and and anybody who's watching your show and was mine was a supporter of Bernie's a progressive generally this idea that somehow well you know both of them have problems and yeah nothing will change either listen all the progress we've made on climate change Paris agreement HFC agreement Aviation Agreement the 20 million people who have health insurance that

right now that didn't have it before all the progress that we've made on trying to check the excesses Wall Street and you know dodd-frank and the and the consumer finance Protection Bureau any chance of immigration reform including the work that we did to make sure that these amazing dreamer kids all across the country who are now going to college or serving in our military are not suddenly deported or at risk of deportation every single issue that we've made progress on over the last eight years is gonna be on the ballot in the form of this

choice and I have worked with Hillary Clinton I know her and she is somebody who cares about these issues she does her homework she cares deeply about ordinary folks her policies are aligned with yours and mine and yes she is somebody who believes in compromise and that you don't get a hundred percent of what you want but you know what that's the way this democracy works anybody sitting on the sidelines right now or deciding to engage in a protest vote that's a vote for Trump and that would be badly damaging for this country and it

would be damn damaging for the world so yeah no no complacency this to get out there get out there thank you so much did a hell of a job in this office I know I speak for myself on my own loss means a lot that you did this for me I wasn't on the show that often I watched it all the time really that's it well that's nice to hear Thank You mr. president preciate it all right