How Vacuum Bombs Work: A Detailed Animation

[Music] [Music] in the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine the Russian forces are using a deadly weapon known as the vacuum bomb against the Ukrainian Force forces unlike other bombs the vacuum bomb also known as the thermobaric bomb is considered the most destructive non-nuclear weapon in the world a weapon so deadly that it sucks the oxygen out of air creates a temporary vacuum and then explodes vaporizing every living thing in its way creating a powerful blast wave that can effortlessly destroy fortified positions these thermobaric weapons are launched in the form of rockets by a complex multibarrel traed vehicle system known as as the toss 1A nicknamed the scorching sunlight the vacuum bomb when used on humans is notoriously famous for rupturing internal organs such as the lungs eard drums inner ear and brain tissue also damaging the eyes and trachea all while depriving oxygen from the Target in this video with the help of 3D animation we'll look at how the toss 1A multi barel thermobaric rocket system works in detail [Music] [Music] this is the Soviet Union's toss one butino multiple thermobaric rocket launch system it was designed in 1988 by Ms trans smash design Bureau it could fire 32 220 mm rockets and it first saw combat in the Soviet Afghan war in 1988 in 2003 the Russian Engineers designed the advanced version of the toss one system the toss 1A nicknamed sonak which translates to scorching sunlight the Russian military calls it a heavy flamethrower system the fully loaded toss 1A has a mass of 4. 53 tons it's 9. 5 M long 3.

6 M wide and has a height of 2. 2 M it has three crew members the driver the commander and the Gunner its operational range is around 340 Mi and has maximum speed of 37 mph it uses a v84 diesel engine that produces 840 horsepower unlike the butino the toss 1A carries 24 Rockets only these Rockets are thermobaric weapons which are commonly known as vacuum bombs aerosol bombs or fuel air explosives these are 220 mm Rockets with effective firing range of 6. 21 Mi the toss 1A has two firing modes in mode one it fires one rocket at a time and in mode two it fires two rockets at a time it can fire four rockets in 1 second [Music] the toss 1A has two sections the launcher section at the top and the chassis the chassis was derived from the chassis of the famous Russian tank the t72 the chassis consists of the lower body and the complete track system six torsion bar sockets are attached to the lower body on either side next to the first second and sixth sockets hydraulic shock absorbers are attached to the body six rocker arms are attached to the sockets and three of them are attached to the shock absorbers six wheels known as road wheels are attached to the rocker arms the first second and the sixth wheels are now capable of absorbing heavy shocks and impacts the forward most wheel is known as Idler Wheel it is powered and is used to create tension to the track links to prevent the track from slacking the last wheel is known as the drive sprocket it is connected to the engine transmission and it's the only powered wheel it transmits torque to the track links to move the vehicle they have teeth that acts like gear teeth and they move the track links continuously three return rollers are attached to the lower body they are used to keep the track straight that runs from the drive sprocket to The Idler Wheel the tracks are assembled by connecting several individual track links these links go around the wheels making a closed chain that are commonly known as continuous tracks these individual links are usually made of steel plates and are commonly used on robust and heavy military vehicles the extruded structure in the middle of the link is known as the center guide this guide goes in between the wheels and keeps the track in the center of the wheels the links are held together with the help of pins now the Links can move freely like a hinge allowing the track to make a continuous closed chain S skirts are attached on either side of the vehicle to protect the tracks and the lower body from enemy attacks as well as dust and debris the forward- facing Sid skirts can be lifted up for maintenance purposes in the front at the bottom of the chassis a hydraulically operated Outrigger is installed the Outrigger also known as Dozer blade is operated by the driver it's used to clear out abrasive rocks Frozen soil and to dig trenches very quickly it's made of armor grade steel and it acts like an armor when it's not deployed in the front on the right side there's the FG 125 infrared headlight and on the left side there's the fg17 blackout light the infrared light helps in navigating at night infrared light is invisible to Naked Eyes but it can be detected by enemy night vision sites the FG 127 blackout light emits a low beam light just enough to see few meters in front of the vehicle it's used during convoys to avoid being detected by the enemies in front of the lights a pair of Towing cable holders are provided they are provided at the back of the vehicle as [Music] well right behind the lights there are smoke grenade dischargers there are four smoke grenade dischargers all facing forward these are 902b smoke smoke screen laying system that are used to conceal the vehicle's movement in areas of enemy fire if the enemy spots the vehicle's position the smoke grenades are launched and smoke screen is laid out now the vehicle can Retreat before it's attacked if you are enjoying this video subscribe to syg design works for more advanced animations and click on the Bell icon to get notified when we upload a new video [Music] behind the smoke grenade dischargers there are Convoy marker lights there are a total of seven Convoy lights on the toss 1A for in the front in which two are facing forward and the other two facing sideways there is one on the launcher section and two near the rear end all facing backwards Convoy marker lights emit a very dim colored lights that can only be seen from a close distance they are used to tell the position and distance of the vehicle at night especially during a convoy the forward- facing lights are pale blue or mint colored the sideways facing lights are light yellowish in color and all the rear-facing lights are red colored on the glacis plate of the vehicle there's a v-shaped splash guard whenever the vehicle is moving in difficult Terrain the splash guard deflects water and mud away from the driver's view behind that you can see the driver's hatch this is where the driver enters the vehicle right in front of the driver there's the driver's Periscope this is the tmpo 168b driver's Periscope it is most commonly used on the Russian t72 and T90 tanks with the help of the Periscope the driver can see what's in front of him without having to stick his head out of the vehicle weighing around 16 lb this Periscope has 16° field of view in the vertical plane and 138° in the horizontal plane on the left hand side of the vehicle there are five boxes these boxes are called tool storage Piers tools for the repair and maintenance of the vehicle is stored in these box boxes similarly on the right hand side of the vehicle there are five compartments that stores fuel these are external fuel cells that carries additional fuel along with the vehicle's main fuel tanks increasing the operational range of the vehicle the turret is the heart and brain of the vehicle and it's placed right in the middle of the lower body it can rotate 360° along the vertical axis and it carries the commander and the Gunner along with all the necess Neary Electronics required to detect and attack the target the inner section is called the turret cabin seats for the commander and the Gunner are placed here a hydraulic cylinder is placed in between them this cylinder tilts the launcher section up while firing the Rockets the bearing provides smooth rotation of the [Music] turret this is the Gunner's hatch the Gunner enters the vehicle here just like the driver the Gunner also has a periscope this is the tnp 165a Gunner's Periscope it provides 74° of horizontal and 35° of vertical field of view and it weighs around 6.

1 lb right in front of the Gunner there's the 1D 14-1 periscopic Laser Rangefinder this is the Gunner's main site it helps the Gunner to determine the range of the targets such as the tanks and other armored vehicles at a distance of up to 6. 21 Mi and bigger structures such as buildings and Hills at a distance of up to 15. 5 Mi once the target is located the range data is generated this range data is fed to the ballistic computer which is on the left hand side of the Gunner the ballistic computer gener generates the fire data fire data is nothing but the required azoth and elevation angles required to precisely hit the target the Commander's hatch is where the commander enters the vehicle the Commander's main sight is the tkn 3mk thermal imaging observation device this device can be used in daylight and night vision mode as well it weighs around 27.

5 lb has a horizontal field a view of 9. 5 de in daylight conditions and 7. 75 de in night vision mode and its night channel can operate in active and passive modes this entire section is called Commander Cupa the commander can rotate it to get a better view of the target the commander also has a periscope of his own this is the tnp 160 Commander's Periscope it has a hor horizontal field of view of 78° and vertical field of view of 28° and it weighs around 7.

5 lb the commander also has an infrared search light on the cupula this is the OU 3gk Commander infrared search light it is used to search for the target at night it has a 110 bot incandescent bulb in it if the infrared filter is removed it emits strong white light light at 240 kandela and with the filter on it emits a dim red light of 0. 24 kendel on the right side of the turret there's an antenna which is used for communication purposes behind the turret there's the engine compartment the toss 1A is powered by a powerful v84 diesel engine which was mainly designed for the t72 tanks this is a 12 cylinder turbocharged engine that produces 840 horsepower it weighs around 2,160 lb produces 3,483 n m of torque has maximum fuel consumption of 260 g per kilov hour at an RPM of 2,000 the engine's exhaust manifold is located on the left hand side of the vehicle and the smoke from the engine can be used to conceal the vehicle from enemy fire behind that is the radi rator section used to draw air to cool down the engine complex gear arrangements are used to transfer power from the engine shaft to the drive sprocket that gearbox or the transmission section is located next to the radiator compartment two additional hydraulic cylinders are placed in the turret to help tilt the launcher section the topmost section is the launcher section also known as rocking unit when not in use this section is temporarily fixed to the lower body with two metal holders the launcher section is attached to the turret and can rotate along the vertical axis of the vehicle this is called finding the asmith three hydraulic cylinders tilt the launcher section up along the lateral axis this is called finding the elevation with the correct azth and elevation angles given in the fire data by the ballistic computer the target can be hit with high Precision it carries 24 thermobaric Rockets and the launch tubes have a single barrel groove on the inside that spins the rockets for better stability unlike missiles these are unguided projectiles and are therefore called Rockets this is the m4m 220 mm thermobaric rocket it is 12. 2 ft in length weighs 470 lb with an effective firing range of 6.