GCP Interview Questions | Top 50 Google Cloud Interview Questions & Answers | GCP Training | Edureka

[Music] hey guys this is aman from medical and welcome to today's session on gcp interview questions so in today's session we're going to learn some of the important and frequently asked gcp interview questions this video will be helpful for candidates preparing for any job role in google cloud platform it could be cloud engineer cloud developer customer engineer administrator and so on you can also watch this video if you want to gain some knowledge about cloud computing and google cloud platform but before we get started i would like to address the agenda for today's session so firstly we'll talk about the general yet frequently asked cloud computing and google cloud platform questions and talk about questions from different gcp service domains such as compute and hosting storage databases networking big data machine learning and cloud ai moving on we will see what are the skills required to become a cloud engineer and conclude our session by talking about the gcp certification you can also watch the skills required to become a cloud engineer part before knowing the interview questions by following the timestamps and guess if you like our video do not forget to subscribe and hit the notification bell to never miss an update from the edureka channel also if you're looking for an online training certification in google cloud check out the link given in the description box below now starting with our interview questions we are first going to see some general cloud computing and google cloud platform questions then questions on compute and hosting domains then storage and databases next networking followed by big data machine learning and cloud artificial intelligence so i guess it is clear what all we're going to talk about today so let's get started so the first question we're going to discuss is what is cloud now there are various way to answer this one of them could be the cloud can be referred as global network of servers each with a unique function the servers are designed to store and manage data or to run various application or deliver content and have many more functionalities you can also mention that the servers are located in data centers across the world you can also talk about the various service cloud offers such as compute storage databases networking and so on now i want you to understand the concepts and frame the answer in your own words moving on to our next question what is cloud computing now like the previous question even this question can be answered in many ways so to answer this question i would say cloud computing is an on-demand availability of computer system resources now this resources could include computing power storage databases and so on with cloud computing you don't have to buy or own or maintain physical data centers and servers you can just rent this resources whenever you need them from a cloud service provider now here you can also mention what a cloud computing used for like it can be used for data backup disaster recovery virtual desktops software development and testing big data analytics and customer facing web applications so now moving on to a third question list the type of service model available in cloud computing so there are three types of service model available in cloud computing that is is pass and sas iis stands for infrastructure as a service in this service model you can rent id infrastructure such as servers and virtual machines storage networks and operating system let's say a user wants to use a linux machine he can access a linux machine using ir service model without worrying about the physical machine or the networking of the system on which the os is installed the next service model is platform as a service this service model provides an on-demand environment for developing testing delivering and managing your software application the users don't have to worry about setting up or managing the underlying infrastructure of servers storage networks and databases which are needed for development this is taken care of by the cloud service provider itself the next service model is software as a service in this service model the cloud providers leases application and software which are owned by them to its client the clients can access the software on any device which is connected to the internet using tools such as web browser or an application now to summarize this answer just think of it as this way infrastructure as a service provides you with an infrastructure such as virtual machine or a service whereas platform as a service provides you with a platform where you can develop test and run your application and software as a service provides you with the software itself now i guess you have some idea about service models which are available in cloud computing let us move on to the next question the next question is list the types of cloud deployment models so there are four types of cloud deployment models which are public cloud private cloud hybrid cloud and community cloud in public cloud deployment model the resources such as application and storage are available to general public over the internet these resources can be free or sold on demand which will allow users to pay only per usage for the cpu cycles storage or bandwidth they use now when we talk about private cloud it is operated solely for a single organization it offers services over a private internet network which is typically hosted on premises now this private cloud is costlier but there is high level of security next the hybrid cloud deployment model can be defined as a combination of public and private cloud it can share services between public and private clouds depending on the purpose the fourth cloud deployment model is a community cloud now the community cloud infrastructure is shared between several organizations from a specific community with a common concern educational universities that are cooperating in the same area of interest as that of a research institute can use the same community cloud now these were the four types of cloud deployment model so now let us move on to next question and see what are the benefits of cloud computing or why companies are increasingly adopting cloud computing so now here you can mention some of the benefits of cloud computing such as there is reduced cost of managing and maintaining iit system or infrastructure the next benefit is scalability of the it resources you can scale up or scale down your operational and storage needs according to your convenience the next benefit is it provides better productivity and collaboration efficiency for example if your team is working on a project across different location you can use cloud computing to give your employees contractors and third party access to the same file the next benefit is data backup and storage you can elaborate this by saying your data is backed up so you don't have to worry if your data is lost or deleted the next advantage is cloud service providers provide automatic updates this would include up-to-date version of software as well as upgrades to servers and computer processing power now these were just some of the benefits of cloud computing we can also mention some more benefits of cloud computing so now let us move on to our next question so next question is what is eucalyptus eucalyptus is the abbreviation for elastic utility computing architecture for linking your program to useful systems it is an open source software infrastructure that helps in implementation of clusters in the cloud computing platform it can build public hybrid and private cloud and has the ability to create a data centers into a private cloud it also helps the user to utilize their functionalities across those other organizations now these were some of the general cloud computing questions that can be asked in your gcp interview so now let us move on to our next set of questions on google cloud platform so first question is what is google cloud platform we all know google cloud platform is a cloud service provider but just to define it google cloud platform is a suit of cloud computing services and management tools offered by google it runs on the same cloud infrastructure that google uses internally for its end user products such as google search gmail google photos and youtube now this is a very basic question but even this can be asked in an interview the next question is what are the various services offered by gcp the various services offered by google cloud platform are compute services storage and database services networking services big data services identity and security services internet of things services then machine learning and cloud artificial intelligence services moving on to our next question what is google cloud sdk google cloud sdk or google cloud software development kit is a set of command line tools it is used for the development of google cloud with these tools you can access the compute engine cloud storage bigquery and other services directly from the command line so now i guess you have understood what is google cloud sdk so let us move on to the next question and see what is google cloud apis google cloud api is a programmatic interface to google cloud platform services they are a key part of google cloud platform which allows you to easily add the power of everything from computing to networking to storage to machine learning based data analysis to your applications now moving on to our next question why would you prefer jcp over other cloud service providers well here you are expected to see the benefits of gcp we can start the answer by saying well each cloud service provider has its own pros and cons but what makes google cloud platform unique is it offers a much better pricing model compared to the other cloud service providers next considering hosting cloud services gcp has an overall increased performance and service you can also mention google cloud is very fast in providing updates about servers and security in a better and more efficient manner you can also mention the security level of google cloud platform is excellent the cloud platform and the networks are secured and encrypted with various security measures so i guess you got some idea about how to answer this question so now let us move on to next question and see what is projects in gcp and how to create one a project organizes all your google cloud resources a project consists of a set of users a set of apis and billing authentication and monitoring settings for those apis so for example all of your cloud storage buckets and objects along with the user permission for accessing them all this resides in a project so in order to create a project you have to sign in to google cloud platform console then on the top left corner you will have a option called as project select that and click on new project to create a new project or you can also select an existing project from the list so now i guess you have some idea about projects in gcp so let us move on to next question our next question is what is cloud shell so if you have been using gcp you will know what is cloud shell so for people who don't know what cloud shell is cloud shell is an online development and operational environment which is accessible anywhere with your browser you can manage your resources with its online terminal which is pre-loaded with utilities such as gcloud command line tool cube ctl and many more we can also develop build debug and deploy a cloud base application using the online cloud shell editor so this was about cloud shell our next question is what are our ability zones and region and how many availability zones and regions are there in gcp so region is a specific geographical location where you can host your resources and availability zones are isolated location within these regions from where public cloud services originate and operate and then talking about google cloud platform availability zones in region it has 25 regions with 76 zones each region has at least three or more zones the next question right after this could be how would you choose an availability zone or what all parameters would you consider while selecting an availability zone so you can answer this by saying you have to select the availability zone based on the following factors the first factor is latency opt for the closest region for low latency fast connection to the servers ensures better performance in terms of quick loading and transfer time which results in overall better user experience so choose a region that is closest to the majority customer base and then the next factor you should consider is the cost different region will have different costs for the resources for example if i want to use an easy to instance virtual machine in the u. s central region would cost me somewhere around 48 dollars per month but the same virtual machine in mumbai region would cost me 58 so you can see there is 10 dollars difference per month in these two regions so these are the factors you need to keep in mind before selecting an availability zone and region so these were some of the general google cloud platform questions so let us move on to the next set of questions on compute and hosting services on gcp so the first and basic question they could ask is what is google compute engine because google compute engine is a primary compute engine in gcp so you can explain this in a very simple term it is a secure and customizable compute service that lets you create and run virtual machines on google's infrastructure so now moving on to our next question what is google app engine so app engine is a fully managed serverless platform for developing and hosting web application at scale it allows you to choose from several popular languages libraries and frameworks to develop your application and then the app engine takes care of provisioning servers and scaling your application instances based on the demand so now when you answer this question they might ask you what is serverless computing so serverless computing is nothing but a cloud computing execution model in which the cloud provider allocates machine resources on demand which means they take care of servers on behalf of the customers so the customers can only focus on building your application where the servers and all that is taken care of by the cloud service providers so i guess you have some idea about serverless computing so now let us move on to our next question now this question is a frequently asked question how are google app engine and google compute engine different from each other you can answer this by saying google compute engine and google app engine are complementary to each other google compute engine is an infrastructure as a service product whereas google app engine is a platform as a service product of google so now if you want the underlying infrastructure in more of your control then compute engine is a perfect choice for instance you can use compute engine for the implementation of customized business logic or in case you need to run your own storage system on the other hand you can use google app engine if you do not want to provision and manage your servers or scale them now i guess you have understood the difference between google compute engine and google app engine so now let us move on to our next question which is how does the pricing model work in gcp cloud so to generally answer this question you can say while working on google cloud platform the user is charged on the basis of compute instances network use and storage by google compute engine now you can see here i'm not specifically talking about a particular service this is just a general overview google cloud charges virtual machines on the basis of per second with a limit of minimum of one minute then the cost of the storage is charged on the basis of the amount of data that you store the cost of the network is calculated as per the amount of data that has been transferred between the virtual machine instances while communicating with each other or over the network over the network means the internet you should prepare yourself with the questions on google cloud platform pricing models as these are among the most common google cloud interview questions so moving on to our next question what is google kubernetes engine google kubernetes engine or gke provides a managed environment for deploying managing and scaling your containerized application using google infrastructure basically in simple terms it's a platform to deploy and manage containerized applications so this was the definition of google kubernetes engine the next question is a scenario based question so if i want to run my application on gcp which product would i use you can answer this by saying it depends on the application requirements gcp basically offers four means for application deployment such as google compute engine google kubernetes engine google app engine and cloud functions you can use google compute engine if you want to run an application on a customizable virtual machine platform next if you want to run a containerized application you can use google kubernetes engine you can use google app engine if you do not want to manage the infrastructure and just deploy the application without worrying about scaling your servers next with cloud function it will run your application after a event driven function that means only after a particular event occurs your application will be deployed so these were the four primary means for application deployment model you can also tell the interviewers you can use a combination of these services so let us see the next question the next question is how to migrate servers and virtual machines from on premises or another cloud to compute engine on gcp so if the interviewer asks you this question you can just say google provides a cloud software known as cloud migrate for compute engine the software is used to migrate the virtual machines from on-premises data centers or any other cloud service providers into compute engine in the gcp platform you can also mention the software is provided by google itself and it comes with no additional cost now they can also ask this question as what is cloud migrate for compute instances the answer would be the same so now let us move on to the next question and see why should you opt for google cloud hosting this question is usually asked in google cloud consultant interviews the interviewer may ask this question to check your knowledge and explanation skills about google cloud so here talk about the advantages of choosing google cloud hosting the first advantage is it provides a better pricing plans next there's a benefit of live migration of virtual machines which means you can migrate a running virtual machine to and from any cloud service providers or on-premises also the next benefit is it provides enhanced performance and execution it also has strong control and security of the cloud platform the next benefit is it has inbuilt redundant backup which will ensure data integrity and reliability so these were some of the benefits of google cloud hosting let us move on to our next question and see what are shielded virtual machines shielded virtual machines are virtual machine on google cloud which are hardened by a set of security control that helps them defend against threat such as malicious project insiders malicious guest firmware and kernel or user mode vulnerability using shielded virtual machines help protect enterprises workload from threats like remote attacks and malicious insiders so these were some of the questions on compute and hosting services in gcp so now let us talk about the interview questions in storage and database services in gcp so our first question in storage and database section is what is cloud storage well cloud storage is a primary storage service in gcp it is a service offered by google for storing your objects in the google cloud now an object is an immutable or unchangeable piece of data consisting of files of any format now object can be unstructured data such as music images videos backup and log files or archive files also objects have two components which are object data and object metadata while object data is typically a file that you want to store and object metadata is a collection of name value pairs that describes the various object qualities now you store these objects in containers called buckets so when you mention about buckets there is a high probability of the interviewer asking you what are buckets in cloud storage well buckets are nothing but a basic containers that hold your data now everything that you store in cloud storage must be contained in a bucket you can use bucket to organize your data and control access to your data which means you decide who has access to your data you can create a bucket by specifying a globally unique name for your bucket also specifying a geographical location where the bucket and its contents are stored and also a default storage class so this was about buckets and cloud storage the next question we are going to discuss is what are the types of gcp storage available and in what scenarios do we use them now here we have already talked about cloud storage so we'll move on to the other gcp storage services now it offers google drive which can be used to store manage and share your personal files next we have cloud storage for firebase which helps you manage data in your mobile applications the next storage service is persistent disk now this is a block storage which can be added to your compute engine virtual machines and last we have file store which allows you to store files or create a file based workload so these were the gcp storage services our next question is what is object versioning in gcp well object versioning is used to retrieve objects which are overwritten or deleted so let's say i have updated a file in cloud storage now the updated file and the file before updating both version will be available to me so if the updated file gets deleted by mistake or i want to check what were the files before the update i can do that with the help of object versioning one disadvantage of this would be it increases the storage cost but it would provide me security for objects when they are deleted or overwritten and on enabling the object versioning in gcp bucket a non-concurrent version of the object is created every time when the object is overwritten or deleted so the next question in storage and database section is what are the libraries and tools for cloud storage on google cloud platform well you can answer this question by mentioning the libraries and tools such as console gsutil client libraries and rest apis now console is nothing but the google cloud console which provides a visual interface for you to manage your data and perform basic operational on objects and buckets next gsutil is a command line tool that allows you to interact with cloud storage through a terminal next we have the cloud storage client libraries which allows you to manage your data using one of the preferred language which would include c plus c hash go language java node. js php python or ruby the next tool for accessing cloud storage on gcp is rest apis now you can manage your data using the json or xml apis so these were the libraries and tools for cloud storage on google cloud platform so now moving on to our next question how can i maximize the availability of my data or how can my important data be more secure and available to me you can answer this by saying you can store your data in multi-region or dual region bucket location if high availability is a top priority this ensures that your data is stored in at least two geographical separated region which will provide you continued availability even in the rare event of a region-wide outage which includes anything caused by natural disasters so this is what gcp offers for more availability of the datas moving on to our next question what is cloud sql while cloud sql is a fully managed database service that helps you set up maintain manage and administer your relational database on the google cloud platform we can also mention you can use cloud sql with mysql postgresql or the sql server where cloud sql is one of the core database servers in google cloud platform the next question is how would you choose the right google cloud database service well this would definitely depend on the requirement you can select from any of these options you can select either cloud sql cloud spanner cloud firestore data store cloud big data or cloud memory store you can choose cloud sql when you need relational database capacity but do not need storage capacity over 10 tb or more than 4000 concurrent connections next you can select cloud spanner when you plan to use large amount of data which is typically more than 10 tb and need transactional consistency next you can use cloud firestore or datastore when you plan to focus on application development and need live synchronization and offline support the next option is cloud bigtable now cloud big table is a good option if you're looking for large amount of single key data in particular which is good for low latency and high throughput workloads and the last option is cloud memory store now this would be a good option if you're looking for key value data set and a primary concern is transactional latency these were some of the google cloud database services so now let us move on to our next question which is a scenario based question so the question is can my app engine in one region access the cloud sql instance which is present in a different region well the simple answer for this is yes if you're connecting to a mysql instance your app engine application does not need to be in the same region and it can be running in either the standard or the flexible environment however a larger distance between a cloud sql instance and your app engine application causes greater latency for connection to the database now latency is nothing but a delay in the transmission of data so next question in the storage and database section is can i import or export a specific database in google cloud platform well the answer for this is also yes for mysql instances you can import and export either a single database or multiple database and for postgre sql instances you can only import or export a specific database now these were some of the questions in storage and database service in gcp now let us move on to our next set of questions in networking so the first question in this section is what is google cloud vpc now if you are applying for any google cloud job you are expected to notice answer virtual private cloud in gcp is a virtual network that provides connectivity to all your virtual machine instances it could be your compute instance google kubernetes engine clusters or your app engine flexible environment and any other google cloud products which are built on the compute instances so you don't have to talk in detail about vpc you can just define it so the interviewers knows that you have some knowledge about vpc so the next question is how is google vpc different from any other cloud service provider's vpc so as you can see in the diagram in the traditional vpc or the vpc provided by other cloud service providers like aws the architecture would look something like this now here in the first diagram you can see there are two vpc built with two different subnet in two different regions which are us west and us east now the virtual machine in one region can access the internet and communicate with the other virtual machine only through the vpc gateway now this gateway acts as an interface so now in a traditional vpc one virtual machine cannot directly communicate with the other virtual machine now in google version of virtual private cloud it follows a global construct which means instead of creating a vpc in us east and u.

s west you can just create one vpc and put the subnets in different regions within that vpc now in this case the virtual machines present in one region can directly communicate with the virtual machine in the other region without the help of vpn gateway now i guess you have some idea about how google vpc is different from the vpc of other cloud service providers now if you have understood the concept you can put the answer in your own word and explain it the next question in networking is what are routes and firewall rules now when we talk about vpc this question comes stacked along now route tells the virtual machine instances and the vpc network how to send traffic from one instance to the destination this destination can be either inside the network or outside of the google cloud which is typically the internet next firewall rules are rules which allow you to control which packets can travel to which destination it lets you allow a denied connection to and from your virtual machine instances based on the configuration that you specify so these were about droughts and firewall rules in google cloud networking so our next question is what is load balancing now this is a frequently asked question in many gcp interviews load balancing is a process of distributing the computing resources and workload in a cloud computing environment to manage the demands by spreading the load load balancing will reduce the risk that your application will experience performance issues by using cloud load balancing you can serve content as close as possible to your users we can also mention this point that cloud load balancing is a fully distributed software defined managed service it is not hardware based so you don't have to manage a physical load balancing infrastructure so this was about load balancing our next question is what is cloud dns well cloud dns is a high performance resilient global domain name system service that publishes your domain name to the global dns in a cost effective way now dns is nothing but a directory of easily readable domain names that translate website names into numerical ip addresses which are used by computers to communicate with each other for example when you type a url in your browser dns converts the url into an ip address of a web service associated with that name like is www. example. com to the ip address of 72.

220. 193. 173 now i guess you have some idea about dns now let us move on to our next question now next question is a scenario based question how can i connect my existing network to google cloud resources you can answer this by saying google provides four options to do this the first one is through cloud interconnect the second one is through cloud vpn the third is to direct peering and the fourth one is through carrier pairing now cloud interconnect enables you to connect your existing network to a vpc network through a highly available low latency connection you can choose cloud vpn which will enable you to connect your existing network to your vpc network through an ipsec connection next direct peering enables you to exchange internet traffic between a business network and google at one of google's broad reaching edge network locations and the fourth option is carrier peering which allows you to connect your infrastructure to google's network edge through highly available low latency connection which is provided by the service providers moving on to our next question describe some of the security aspects the cloud offers while some of the important security aspects that a cloud offers is access control it offers the control to the admin to decide the access of other users who are entering the cloud ecosystem the next security aspect is identity management this provides the authorization for the application services and third is authorization and authentication this security feature lets only the authenticated and authorized users to access certain applications and data these were some of the important security aspects that the cloud offers moving on to our next question list some of the gcp security services gcp security services include cloud security command center cloud armor and cloud identity cloud security command center is the tools that let users view and monitor the cloud assets and provides important security support functions like storage system scanning vulnerability detection and access permission reviews next cloud armor is a ddos and application defense system it is built using the same major technology and infrastructure that google relies on to protect its services including google search gmail and also youtube the third security service is cloud identity now this service controls and defines the users and groups and the gcp resources they have access to now these were some of the gcp security services so now let us move on to our last set of questions on other gcp services now this other gcp services would include big data internet of things and google cloud artificial intelligence so the first question in this section is what is google bigquery bigquery is a google cloud's fully managed petabyte scale and cost effective analytics data warehouse that lets you run analytics over vast amount of data in near real time you can say google bigquery is a replacement of the hardware setup for the traditional data warehouse you can also mention how the bigquery organizes this data we can also mention the bigquery organizes the data table into units that are known as data sets moving on to our next question what are the big data services which are offered by google cloud platform well some of the services are google cloud bigquery google cloud data flow google cloud data proc google cloud pub or sub google cloud composer google cloud big data and google cloud data catalog moving on to our next question what is google cloud data flow well this is one of the important gcps big data service you can answer this question by saying google database is a managed service for executing a wide range of data processing patterns it provides a managed service and a set of sdks that you can use to perform batch and streaming data processing tasks it works well for high volume computation especially when the processing task can clearly and easily be divided into parallel workloads next moving on to our next question what is cloud automl this is one of gcp's machine learning service where cloud automl is a service that enables developer with limited machine learning and programming expertise to train high quality model specific you can use automl to build on google's machine learning capabilities to create your own custom machine learning models that are tailored to your business needs and then integrate those model into application or website or both so this was about cloud auto ml let us move on to next question our next question is explain google cloud ai platform well ai platform is a suite of services on google cloud which are specifically targeted at building deploying and managing machine learning models in the cloud ai platform provides the services you need to train and evaluate your training model in the cloud it is integrated with several easy to use tools like bigquery and data labeling service to help you build and run your own machine learning applications quickly you can store and manage the large amount of data with bigquery and then prepare or label this data for model training using data labeling service so this was about google cloud ai platform now our next question is what is cloud iot core well cloud iot core is a fully managed service that allows you to easily and securely connect manage and store data for millions of devices which are spread globally it provides a complete solution for collecting processing analyzing and visualizing iot data in real time to support improved operational efficiency so this was about cloud iot core now let us see the next question our next question is what service would you use for text analytics in google cloud platform so the service which is used for text analytics in google cloud platform is cloud natural language natural language ai enables you to analyze text and also integrate it with a document storage on cloud storage you can extract information about people places and events and have a better understanding about social media sentiments and customer conversations so these were some of the important and frequently asked gcp questions so now let us move on to next topic and see what are the skills required to become a cloud engineer so cloud engineer is an i.