In this video we will talk about the dynamics of the Brazilian population with a focus on the historical growth of the population and the reasons for this growth in the demographic transition of the population and also in the distribution of this population throughout the Brazilian territory in a quick, direct and objective way the way you like it So let's go to the video Hey guys Cool, my name is Paulo I'm a geography teacher and as always it's an immense pleasure to have you here with me in the illustrated gel Our subject today dynamics of the Brazilian population good when it comes to the dynamics of Brazilian population a question always comes to mind which is how much we are according to IBGE estimates of 2023 Brazil has around 203 million people being the seventh most populous country in the world obviously this number was not always so significant for you to better understand this Observe this table that I am leaving on the screen as you can see the Brazilian population grew a lot within the period covered by the table having tripled from 1872 to 1920 and tripled again from 1920 to 1970 and from 1970 to 2007 it practically doubled reaching a total of 183 millions of inhabitants for us to understand why this growth we have to understand the following question why a population grows and to understand this there are two basic indices the first of which is vegetative growth which is nothing more than the difference between the number of people who are born and the number of people who die when vegetative growth is positive the population tends to grow and the second index is the migratory balance which is the difference between the number of people who leave the country and the number of people who enter the country when this balance is also positive, the population tends to increase, and this is what happened in Brazil during the late 19th century and early 20th century, a time when there was a massive influx of people from other countries, you know, immigrants, and this somehow helps us to understand the reason for that growth that we have just seen, mainly during the years 1872 to 1920, beauty that said, we need to go back now to vegetative growth, we have birth and death rates because they are essential for us to understand the growth of Brazilian population, well, the birth rate refers to the number of people born alive per thousand inhabitants and the mortality rate refers to the number of deaths per thousand inhabitants in Brazil until mid- 1940, even with the birth rate very high, vegetative growth was This is low because the mortality rate was also high, that is, many people were born, but many people also died. This scenario began to change more or less around the year 1945, a period in which the mortality rate began to fall considerably in the country, but then you You must be asking yourself But what ultimately causes the mortality rate to decrease? There are many factors among them, I highlight three.
The first one concerns the improvement and democratization of basic sanitation services, i. e. water and sewage, which causes the mortality rate to decrease.
proliferation of diseases, second and third, relate to the development of Medicine and also the democratization of health services, these two factors contribute to people living longer, which obviously reduces the mortality rate. Just look at this graph, how the death rate Mortality in Brazil drops considerably In this period, boosting vegetative growth, however, vegetative growth decreases again around the 70s, as even with the reduction in mortality rates, it also starts to see a reduction in the birth rate. But then again you must be feeling Asking why the birth rate fell, well again I highlight three factors, the first of which is the rural exodus, which concerns the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas due to the cost of living being higher in cities, people now have fewer children, the second concerns birth campaigns and the third and perhaps one of the main ones is the greater participation of women in the job market, which means that they end up having children later and in a smaller quantity, you know, just think about the case there.
of your family, how many children did your grandparents have and how many children did your parents had and how many children do you plan on having? Probably the total number only decreases, I was even curious, comment on how many children your grandparents had, well let's now address two extremely important issues, the demographic transition and the distribution of the Brazilian population, but before that, if you If you like your video, it's helping you in some way, leave a like to strengthen your work, subscribe to the channel, share it with your students, your friends, your mother, your father, your grandmother, your help so much, beauty, without further ado, then Let's go to the conclusion of the video, succinctly, the demographic transition concerns the growth stages of a population and the age characteristics of this population, that is, the age characteristics, good for understanding this transition here in Brazil. Observe these two pyramids, the one from 1980 and the 2015 Note that the first has a much wider base, which indicates that the population is mostly young, and in the second, the base narrows and the center of the pyramid becomes more prominent, which indicates that this population is aging, and in the third, that It is a projection for the year 2050, the base and the middle will taper off and the top may gain greater prominence, which indicates the even greater aging of the population, well these changes in the age characteristics of the Brazilian population are due to two main reasons, the decrease in rates birth rates as we already talked about and also the reduction in mortality rates, that is, there are fewer people being born and fewer people dying, which ends up causing the aging of the population.
Don't worry, that's easy to understand, right, but hang in there because we still need to talk about Ruth a subject that is very important distribution of the Brazilian population about this you need to know that Brazil despite being an extremely populous country is not a very populated country that is the absolute population is large but the relative population which is the rate of people per kilometer square is low, there are many people, but the Brazilian territory is also very large, which generates a relatively low population.
