L-1.2: Batch Operating System | Types of Operating System

Hello Students. . Welcome to Gate Smashers In today's video, I'll be explaining types of operating system And first we'll talk about batch operating system Although I have completed operating system in my playlist If you'll check in the playlist, Maximum portion in operating system has been completed But just for the sake of completion, Because I haven't told some minor points So I'm just completing them here so if students are preparing for university, college exam or competitive exams, so none of their point should get missed and all points should be cleared So here in types of operating system, first comes the batch operating system, then multi program, multi-tasking, real time, distributed, clustered & embedded system This is the mainly category.

. . you can expand it more also but mainly we have just this category where multi programmed and multi-tasking multi programmed and multi-tasking are very important Because Many questions comes on it in operating system and I've already made a video on it and it's link is in the description box So let's start first with bath operating system Batch operating system, as the name tells that batch of job Means we are making a batch of similar kind of job and giving to the computer so it can execute it This is the main funda we have, now the scenario here is when we used to use these systems at the time of 1960s at that time if someone wants to get his work executed now everyone used to not use computers in 1960s like now Only major companies like NASA or ISRO, means the companies which are working on heavy computation & research.

. . Only they used to need to do some some computations Now what they used to do is they used to use punch cards Punch cards or paper cards or paper tape Or we can call it as magnetic tape also So they used to load their jobs offline on them let's say I have to do some calculations then I just loaded those job or process offline on it and now I have to reach to the system, because system used to not be available in every home All our CPUs and computers are just stored in a company so what have to do is.

. . we have to go there with our system or process in these cards and have to give to the company saying that you want to get this work executed Although links are already there, it's known which person is working on what type of work So what I'll do here is, I'll give my jobs to the operator Operator means.

. . Like in today's time we directly interacts with the system, means we can write command, or use GUI interface, it was not like that at that time Your work in batch was just to load the job offline on it and give in the company Let's say there's an operator in the company, you provided him.

. . means you didn't inserted anything in the system directly, you just gave to the operator, What operator would say is.

. that we'll provide you information when your job will be executed and then you can get the result Then your work is done. .

. you gave your job to the operator and provided the punch card Now what operator will do is. .

. will convert the batches Means we have to create a batch of similar kind of jobs and let's say one batch is B1 B2 and other is B3 Now let's say we have 2-3 similar kind of jobs in batch one So first of all we have to give batch one to the CPU. .

. Means operating system will pick up first job and will give to CPU What operator did is, added the punch card And we provided first job of first batch to the CPU And now CPU have to execute it, Now we already know that the processes that we have either demands for CPU's time Or if we have to do some input-output process in between Means if I have to read some file, or have to read some peripheral devices or write something from it or if they want to access something So what CPU does is. .

. It allows to do the input output process in it Until this time CPU will stay Idle. .

. This was a major disadvantage or problem at that time that we gave a job to CPU and the job is asking to process input- output Or it want to read some file from the disk or want to read or write something in a device then CPU will stay idle until that time It won't proceed to next job So when it'll come back to CPU after completing Then CPU will execute it properly and then will come to next job Means it's like a non pre-emption kind of scenario Along with non pre-emption you can say that CPU is not proceeding to next job But our next, that's multi programmed There was RAM in the case of multi programmed Now we added multiple jobs in the RAM and gave one job to the CPU Let's say that job is asking to perform input- output then CPU will allow and will proceed to next job Here next job won't come until the first job won't get completed So that's why there's a lot of idle time of the CPU Because of which it'll obviously take so much time so what used to happen at that time was Operator took your job but you don't know when will you get the result Maybe you'll get result after a day or a week or month or year And you have to go there even to take the result they'll provide you the result you can add that result offline in your tape or punch card and can do whatever you want to perform in your lab So this was the whole story of batch operating system Then gradually it got a lot of refinement Major refinement was the monitors To end the system of operators they introduced monitors, saying that you can at least punch the punch cards directly in it so we can provide a job to the CPU So monitors used to used at that time IBM created this system called FORTRAN FORTRAN system was designed by IBM Along with that IBSYS 709X All this was in 1960s So if you get asked in a question then it's more than sufficient you don't have to study more than this from anywhere This is all about the batch operating system Thank You!