How to teach a reading skills lesson TESOL / CELTA

okay guys to start with today I'm going to show I'm going to put some pictures up on the board on the projector and I'm going to ask you to discuss what you can see in the pictures specifically can you see any connection between the pictures um and do you know any extra information about these connections that you see okay I'm going to ask you to speak with your partner about this for 3 or 4 minutes okay and then we'll have a chat together okay so are you going to read questions or look at pictures pictures

fantastic and what are you going to talk about the pictures David is it more than one picture yes yeah you're going to talk about what the the links between the connect good links that's a nice word and also if you know anything extra anything extra thank you very much m for how long 3 to four minutes minutes Michael who's your partner AR you luy I'll show you the pictures first and then I'll let you start okay okay guys so for just for 3 or 4 minutes with your partner chat about those and what do you

think the connection is I know I know yeah America okay guys let's um can I stop you there let's have a chat together there's lots of intense conversations going on fantastic um Steph what did you guys say was the connection or the link between the pictures um it's the Spanish ConEd or however you say invading invading the Ina territory anything similar colonization say again colonization of the in of per did anyone recognize this place fantastic and as um Luke said Spanish good and then you had that um the map there sh sort of how population

dimin over time as more the came in and then it's you're kind of connected to conflict between the people Good Michael and also EXT information about the population decreasing so the Spanish conquistadors would give free blankets out to the Incan people and yeah get warm but then yeah they infested with small pox and the uh immunity of the Inc people they've never been exposed that so just WIP them okay that's very very interesting thank you very interesting fact yeah um Luke who's this again just say the word a Spanish conquistador it's not it's not vital

that you know that word but a conquistador the painter sorry the painter so what's the topic of our lesson today the inkor Fantastic so what we're going to do today is we're actually going to read a text about exactly what we've been talking about this connection between the inas and the the Spanish and you've got the map to give you an idea okay so this is going to be our text today it's like a little a little um bit of information about the history what kind of things do you think that the text will talk

about invasion of inres invasion good anything else Laura why the Spanish came why civiliz in what way do you mean their civilization well I mean when the Spanish came like where were the inkas in terms of civilization architecture their culture their dress resources military as well like how they they were the only not Waring uh South American can what did you what word did you say now your ways of life ways of life your culture that that sort of L perhaps yes um so we're going to read the text in a moment guys just before

that um I just want to look at some words that are going to come up in the text okay this is a map of the world not right now all right about 100 years ago can you all see the raed okay the raed represents all the countries that were once under the queen of of England essentially queen Queen Victoria so can you see sou is there are we are we under her now are we under her her her government no we what were we part of this whole we are part of the Commonwealth now but

we were part of the British EMP Empire okay Alex British Empire what's the last word that Alex said EMP so was it just like one country or lots of countries lots of countries could we make our own rules if we were in the Empire or did we have to follow the rules of the Queen of England Mark fantastic thank you very much and there's the word all right let's go to the next one um here's a man walking out of a shop with lots of stuff do you think he bought it does this look like

a shop normally does with something Something's Happened um I'll give you a little bit of background to the situation there's been a riot out on the streets so what some people have done is they've gone into the shops and they've done what they've stolen good they they've taken stuff but it's happened during a riot so what can we say Luke say it again looted so did they buy it or did they steal it steal did they sneak in in the middle of the night or were there loads of people outside people outside because there was

a good so what's that word again what's the verb to to what's the what's the noun form or the ing form Jason right thank you now the Pirates you know Pirates hundreds of years ago um they used to do something similar they used to like Park their boats Park their boats and get out of the boat and they would go into town and they would just take what they wanted but back in the day we didn't use the they didn't use the word looting there was a slightly different word close also starts with a P

say plunder did you hear that Alex good do we use that word a lot now no no but is it similar to loting yes did they ask nicely for the stuff or did they just take it do you think they left the town in a nice state or did they complet destroy it destroy fantastic what was the word again plunder and put it in the noun form for me plundering again plundering fantastic thank you so there we go on to the next picture uh here we've got some guys killing other guys absolutely yeah but describe

the way you know the way that they are killing them it's it's not very it's very very violent violent okay what's another way that we can say very very violent possibly it's not to the be I've heard it okay Alex say again brutal did you all hear that did you hear that yeah what did he say brutal BR it was brutal dude brutal bral bral is this an extreme word yes absolutely and traditionally we use it in different ways now you know like if you uh got to your friend and you're like you look fat

in that dress you say oh that was a little bit brutal brutal yeah but is it the same in this situation no it's referring to the level of V absolutely fantastic and is it a very high level of very very intense good and there it is again okay so let me just go back quickly lots of countries taken over by one country how did we refer to all the readed Empire empire list an Empire empire Empire empire good St Empire lovely Empire good how many syllables does that have two two yeah it's got like it's

almost like a two and a half kind of situation yeah it's of strange so we definitely have the first one and then we have this I good but a lot of people just say Empire the queen Empire an Empire but if it is to sound I think we can almost say it is what what are those last two sounds M and the last two P good so p almost like a pie and then afterwards you finish you're like P where's the stress on there first or second Empire empire what kind of word is this adjective

n fantastic did the countries who were in The Empire necessarily want to be in the Empire or were they taken by force what are these guys doing again loo listen looting everyone together looting looting Andrea looting looting how many syllables two two where the St looting what kind of word is it in the J which is essentially a okay H what are the Pirates areund uh nund good listen plunder plunder Mark plunder lovely thank you how many syllables yeah absolutely what did we say there did we say plunder or okay paying attention so plunder is

the verb but plundering is the good how many syllables now three what's this sound here is it ooh or a and where's the stress plundering plundering beginning as minina beginning first one good yeah so with looting and plundering they they buying stuff or they stealing it stealing are they leaving everything intact once they leave or are they leaving it in a complete mess destroyed M fantastic do we use plundering now necessar of all the word and then there was the last one what kind of violence was this say bral say it again brutal listen brutal

BR brutal brutal David brutal thank you bral um what does brutal you know it's a funny thing that we do um in English how many syllables does brutal have very often in in South African English T's especially in the middle of the word change to D's okay it's a very South African thing but but for the sake of today brutal you can say brutal it's one um but definitely two syllables now you see here there's also this letter is it an o or an A so is it the same as this one bral short or

long sound brutal It's Kind long isn't it where's the stce the brutal brutal Michael first Brew hey Brew good what kind of word is brutal describing good fantastic guys so there are some words that I'd like you to look out for in the text that you might need to um no the text so what I'm going to ask you guys to do now I'm going to give you the text okay and I'm going to ask you to read the text quickly on your own and I'd like you to what's missing from the text it says

it there is a title or a heading okay so I'm going to ask you to read the text and write a title okay I'm going to give you 3 minutes to read the text and 1 minute to write the title so if you've got 3 minutes to read the text are you going to read every word or are you going to get the general idea of the text yeah absolutely now a title is usually related to the text or not yeah yes what what does it contain every idea or the general main idea fantastic how

long are titles usually how are they more than perhaps seven words less than three words so your title is going to be somewhere between perhaps three and seven three or four to seven words but I don't want more than seven please okay are you going to read together or you going to read alone how much time do you have 3 minutes to read and one minute to De so like are you going to read in detail or you just going to get the general idea and you're going to write a how many words and the

title should contain what St the main idea fantastic thank you very much St okay guys so once I've given the last person the text you can begin all right all right everyone um please put your pens down and I'd like you to talk to your partner and compare your titles check that they're the right amount of words and see if you've got anything similar to your partner if it is different discuss why you write something perhaps different to your partner I'll give you guys 2 minutes to do that okay so all right let's hear some

of your um ideas guys so C did you and Mark have something similar yeah and do you want to tell us about it so mine was the Fallen Empire and was the the the L great did anyone else have anything so there was this idea that they are this a few someone else had lost as well asmina I had Inca and then lost but not forgotten did nine have something similar uh not really but her was along the lines of them being w out so unfairly wiped out so she focused more on the devastation surrounding

it so M sort of has Devastation but it also brings back idea that we still know so much about them I'm still finding so there's this idea that they're not here anymore see um the Incas fell on South America's lost gods someone else said something about Gods d uh mine is gods that went extinct okay yeah fantastic Jason anything else uh we wrote very different things I wrote The Amazing ire of the in culture and he wrote the defeat of the Conqueror so no but it went into a lot of detail about the the Empire

and Alex you and hanel hanel has the amazing incor The Amazing incor so mine is more focused on um before they were conquered okay Inca Empire of the clouds okay no absolutely but the general idea was that it was this um Empire okay and yes and absolutely um you had that idea that was it a positive that they disappeared or generally a negative feeling good so there was that element in your title so well done okay I'm going to ask you to read again in a moment and this time um before did you read in

detail or just for the general idea DET me to got the general idea you were meant to yeah um and this time I'm going to give you a little bit more time to read in a little bit more detail this time I'm going to give you about 6 minutes to read the article again okay and I am going to give you something to do while you read a piece of paper that looks like this all right here there are four columns and here there are eight phrases they're not complete sentences um what you I'm going

to ask you to do is put each of the phrases under the correct column as you read okay the First Column is the incor Empire the second column is the incor society the third is the Conquistadors and the fourth is meu picu all right so what you do is you read the phrases and according to what you read in the text you put each phrase in the correct column do you think you need to write the whole phrase or just the letter they're LED H to H so just write the L the whole phas okay

um just quickly what's the difference between the incor Empire and the incor society do you think remember that idea of Empire n is Empire is everybody that they CU not conquer cuz they Inc were friendly everybody that they gathered en joy and in the society I think was every day every day living no I mean a good way to explain is just through the British Empire so what I'm saying so the British Empire there was the Empire but the society and let's say Australia or New Zealand had an own culture there wasn't it was under

British rules but there social rules so Empire is it talking about the um day-to-day life or the the the area that it made up the area made the area that it made up almost and perhaps numbers of people but also the Society is then referring to their everyday life culture things like that fantastic okay so just as an example the first phrase is 12 million people 12 million people and your choices are the Inca Empire Inca Society The Conquistadors or matchu picu 12 million people what does that refer to everyone agree David do you agree

fantastic so a will go into the First Column okay guys so are you going to write the full phrase or just the letter can you use um one phrase in more than one column no no so one phrase goes in each column okay um and how long have you got this time minutes reading a line again or together this time all right guys um I'm going to stop you there please put your pants down please don't worry if you're not finished um can you please just check the answers that you do have with your partner

and see if you have the same if you have different discuss why please so just just check don't worry if you're not finished [Music] okay guys um can I stop you there let's check together don't worry if you haven't checked all of them yet all right we did a together what what did we say for a again Empire wonderful Luke what did you have for bee be I put at Machu Pichu Laura did you have for s I have the same wonderful Laura can you tell us where you put C please uh in Cas Society

Alex the yep and what did you say for D Alex uh I said the conies to Dos everyone agree Luke the same anything different fastic this is always a very um dangerous question to ask but did you find it an interesting text very they were fascinating group of people weren't they um I think the part of the text that most surprised me when I read it was the fact that there was so much more to them than I knew I I did always even as the text said they weren't just this kind of brutal society

and I think the thing that surprised me the most was that they were an Empire but not by Conquest they were an Empire by assimilation I mean does has that ever happened again yes Romans used to simate all okay but you know again that would that surprises me all right so what I'm going to do guys yes Michael really like it implies that they did use violence as well they also use violence absolutely but that that wasn't just what they were about cuz very often when you learn about the ankors they were just this like

brutal race there was actually a lot more to them compared to the other civilizations at the time they were not brutal at all so what I'm going to ask you to do guys so that's that what did I just tell you I gave you my opinion about some a personal opinion about something that I read okay so I'm going to give you a piece of paper that looks like this and you're going to see lots of beginnings of sentences for example the first one is the part of the text that surprised me was and then

I gave you my answer another example is I think the worst thing about the Conquistadors was okay now there's quite a few of them all right there's 2 4 six eight beginnings of sentences I'm going to ask you to choose two of these and complete them with my ideas or your own ideas our own ideas um so I want you to do this alone just to start with just write your own ideas okay are you going to write ideas for all of them no no choose two of them you're going to choose two fantastic can

you choose any two that you want yes are you going to write your own opinions about uh South Africa or about text you just read text wonderful on your own I'll give you guys about 2 or 3 minutes just to write your sentences all right guys so hopefully everyone's got one or two sentences that they've completed um what I'm going to do now is I'm going to put you into groups okay so 1 2 S 3 4 so you guys are a group 1 2 3 4 you're a group 1 2 3 4 you're a

group 1 2 3 4 you're a group what I'm going to ask you to do is not now when I say stand up with your piece of paper and I'd like you to discuss your sentences within your group and see if anybody completed the same sentences as you if so maybe they can feeted them in a different way listen to the ideas that the other people in your group had about the text they just read okay so are you going to do the sitting down or standing uping pairs or groups okay um are you going

to be giving your piece of paper to someone in the group or you're going to be telling them what you wrote do you think you'll ask um some more questions about other people's opinions good all right guys and I'll give you guys a good sort of five minutes do this lots of talking stand well might be interesting so remember reading about you know the second thing I think thead were able to apparently it's actually like had a different idea they actually touch so it's like they would what they would L everyone can you come sit

down please and join me let's have a chck together sorry to interrupt guys I do hate to interrupt a good life de discussion yeah um Jason what was set so um passionately talking about them late now ear you speaking passionately I want to speak passionately right now well he was telling us about how like because an asked him um do you think it's possible to like expand your Colony without being violent and then step kind of answered him by saying that well at some stage there is like military conflict but then uh there needs to

be a point where they reach an agreement that's where the actual taking over so it kind of like spared quite discussion going into other things even as well anything else Laura well we had different ideas about how the concors were able to defeat Thea yeah I thought it was because they had fire and horses and maybe inas thought about them like Gods like it happens with other cultures but I said thought another story okay do h i just remember reading something where they they had a different idea of War War so they would actually the

inkers were play fighting so so they would go up like to a conquistador and like you know like that the A and they go up behind him and they touch him it's like now play it you know where the conquistadors were like sorry how about that one you know what I mean like like they initially I mean it changed a little bit but initially like the anchor were s taken by surprise cuz they used to play fight like that with other things like I've shown my dominance there's no need to actually a Bloodshed I would

have W so you know stop it there yeah Michel I also read that when they write they were kind of welcomed by the Inc people and then they went to a big like banquet with that's atic that's the as okay I was thinking about this text that you read Mark what else what did your group talk about um just how brutal they were that you small pox to actually Pate the population is a great way to describe it um I know that you write something about uh biological warfare what else Andre what did you guys

anything similar in your group I well I said the best thing about the incor my opinion is that they were tolerant and um similar to New People's culture Rel and then I said the same I said I think the best thing about the Inc is the acceptance and admiration of other societies and you're uh well L and I both answered the question but um I would like to go to m Pi because and she said to go and look at the culture and the history historical context and for me it was sort of similar but

I'm C to go time the mountain and maybe do a little bit of research there what I can that's myology oygen so and anything else I have the same thing as and okay that idea yeah there seemed like a very double-sided Society been kind of like side of them that might have been brutal but also very assimil to Great okay guys fantastic I'm glad that you enjoyed the reading that's great and I hope everyone like learned a little bit of something new today and also some new words and things like that so thank you very

much thank you