Átomo - a matéria e uma de suas menores formas

Hello, little scientists, I am Professor Bill Tyson and together we are going to know different forms of science. Today we will learn about something very big in importance, but very small in size. I'm talking about the atom.

Thousands of years ago, in a country called Greece, a philosopher named Leucippus and his disciple Democritus thought "what would happen if I broke a stone until it reached a point where it could no longer be broken? " It was then that they imagined that piece that could not be divided. And that's where the name atom came up, which means indivisible.

A long time passed and a chemist named John Dalton who through various researches saw that Leucippus and Democritus were right. That the atom was really small, and until then indivisible. And he created a model in which the atom was a tiny solid ball.

More than 100 years later, the English physicist, Joseph Thomson discovered a small part of the atom, or particle. The electron. Thomson presented a new model of atom, where it was not a solid but composed of two particles.

The electrons would stay inside a large particle. This atomic model became known as raisin pudding. In 1911 scientists Ernest Rutherford and Niels Bohr, based on new studies, presented a new atomic model.

In what particles called protons, are in the center, along with other particles, which would later be called neutrons. These two particles form what we call the nucleus of the atom. And the electrons, much smaller, move very fast making circles around this nucleus.

I think it's better to vacuum in this place, because the only particles I see are those of dust. For now, it's just personal, see you next time. Ah!

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