L-1.4: Types of OS(Real Time OS, Distributed, Clustered & Embedded OS)

Hello students, Welcome to Gate Smashers In today's video I'm going to explain Real time, distributed, clustered and embedded operating system So talking about these all four operating system for competitive exams or with college\university exam point of view then there're no chances to get questions based on these Because mainly questions come from multi programming, multi tasking or little bit on Batch also But just for the sake of completion because whole playlist of operating system has been completed so I'm telling you the leftover minor points here And talking about distributed or clustered operating system, they are very vast technologies in their own, so it's not possible to explain them in one single video But still I'm telling you little bit minor points so if they'd ask about it in exam then you can answer something So let's start first of all with real time operating system In real time operating system what word I'm using here is. . .

Real time So we work in two ways. . .

one is batch processing and other is real time Means if you would say non real time then it means that let's say I gave some work to the system, and it gave the output after couple hour or more means there's no time constraint, means I just want the output only, time doesn't matter But real time means immediately There, time matters a lot Taking a simple example. . .

YouTube streaming We are using YouTube Now look. . I created this video and uploaded it after editing Now when are you watching that video?

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Maybe you watched it right away, or after a month or couple years So here I don't want that you must watch it right away But If I'm coming live on YouTube, then what my expectation is if I came live here and you also came live there then the points that I'm telling you, you are listening it right away So here we call it real time environment So in real time, there's only constraint of time that there can't be delays, time matters a lot So here also, further category comes i. e. Hard and soft real time In hard, as the name says It's very strict about the time So much restrictions on time, Means there can't be delays Like if we'd talk about missile system Obviously they can't bear delays in missile system Talking about flight simulation, then there also we can't bear any delay Because if we take example of missile system If you launched a missile and gave a time to hit the target after 5 sec If it got delayed there, or got some error or some other process started in between Like as we discussed that some other process pre-empt in between then other process started.

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What will happen in that case? . .

. Missile will hit the wrong target Means we don’t want any delay here In soft you can say, it's little bit soft, means you can divide it based on the application Like if we'd talk about computer gaming Then in gaming although I don't want much delay But if it got even little bit delay then there will be no critical situation Here, critical situation can arise Here it won't be critical situation, like Youtube Live streaming, if I'll say something in it then you'll here it after 5-10 seconds then it's fine, we can bear it. .

. There'll be no critical situation So that'll be the example of soft real time operating system Then comes distributed and cluster In distributed, as the name says like distributed that the systems are not distributed to operating system this is actually the environment, means the processing environment that I've made, I've distributed it all over the world and dispersed it geographically Means I've one machines here, second one here and third one here, 4-5th somewhere else & I connected all of them through a network Means here I've the machines here laying in loosely coupled environment loosely coupled means its own kernel, its own memory, its own disk and so on. Each one have its own environment and resources and its geographically separated, not at one location and working independently Yeah it's possible that if a system fails somewhere then you can get the work done through other system Like if we talk in database also, then One is centralized, means placing all data at one place And other is distributed, like facebook, google They creates a distributive environment rather than keeping each and everything in a single area We distributed them all over the geographical region So this is the advantage here of distributed And what is clustered?

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. It's also doing the work like if I've different machines, I've used them as one cluster The main thing here is that they're connected through the local network Means I've kept them in a single network I've connected them in a single network Like in LAN, I connected multiple devices together and they are working like one server, so you can call them as a super computer so your computation power increased Now it's working like one machine, and you added 100 machines in one, so your computation power increased Here your processing power also increased So, the operating system we use to manage this environment that's your clustered And the one we use for distributed environment That's distributed operating system So if they'll ask you what's the advantage? Then main advantage here is availability So here you get increased availability, Fault tolerance.

. . If any system got fail here, then rest of the systems will bear its load Means you can easily do load balancing here fault tolerance, scalability is also an important factor Let's say, Today you have computation power "X" and then tomorrow you want twice of "X" Then you can do it easily because you have cluster of systems available here Rather than one system, you've collected thousands of systems and have created a cluster Finally we have embedded.

. . Embedded is also a type of system Talking about the embedded system Embedded system are those which works only on a fixed functionality Like the microwave, machine, AC all these are embedded systems And the operating system working in them which is managing all this, that'll be an embedded operating system You can't do changes in it Whatever functionality you gave to it It will only work on it If you'll ask washing machines to heat the food then it won't do it That's work of other machine So you can't do further changes in its code or motherboard, it'll stay fixed But what we can do in normal computer is we can change the instructions in normal computer Talking about hard wire or micro programmed Based on that we can adjust the power and functionalities of our system, that's the advantage of non-embedded system So the system which works in these environments, you can add it with it So this is all about different types of operating system So, no one will ask you more than this This is more than sufficient Otherwise you can study it more in detail Like talking about cluster, then if you want to study in detail about cloud computing, then you have to study some extra But in the topic of operating system they won't ask you anything more than this Thank You!