Eletricidade - materiais trocando elétrons

Hello, little scientists, I am Professor Bill Tyson and together we are going to know different forms of science. In our previous episode we talked about the electric charges of the atom and today we will talk about their effects in a broader way, the Electricity. The name electricity comes from the Greek word Eléktron, used by the Greeks in reference to a resin produced by some trees called amber.

This resin is very hard, looking like a stone. The ancient Greeks realized that when they rubbed the amber into the skin of animals, this material then attracted small objects, such as feathers and fabrics, for example. From then on the phenomena of electrical origin began to be studied.

As we saw earlier, atoms have both positive and negative charges, but always seek to stay in balance with the neutral charge. That is, the same number of protons and electrons. However, there is a process that changes this state making them electrically charged.

This process is called Electritization. I'll show you two ways. Friction rubbing.

In this process you need two different and electrically neutral materials. Such as a plastic pen and a flannel or wool. When we rub these two materials, one of them gives electrons to the other.

In this way the one that gained electrons assumes negative charge, because the electrons have negative charge. And the material that donated electrons assumes a positive charge. Contact electrification.

It occurs when different materials come into contact, one of which is electrified. We can take as an example that same plastic pen that was electrified in previous experience. After rubbing it, it is full of electrons and needs to balance the energy with the aid of other materials, such as small pieces of paper.

They stick to the pen to balance the nergy and the pen passes its electrons to the papers. We can then say that electricity is the movement of electrons between two points in some materials. And it's pretty hard to think about our life without electricity.

Have you thought if we did not have electricity? For now, it's just personal, see you next time. What's up?

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