Problemas más comunes del embarazo (Complicaciones y cuidados en cada trimestre)

Even when the mother is in good health and follows her doctor's recommendations, there are hundreds of complications that can appear during pregnancy. After all, the hemodynamic, psychological, and physiological changes that the mother goes through in just nine months are enough. to alter the balance if you are not careful and as a cautious woman is worth two, in this video I want to explain the most common complications that appear in each trimester, as well as ways to prevent and treat them, remember that #KnowIsPower First trimester.

Hyperemesis gravidarum, the first complication that many mothers go through is nausea, which occurs because when the embryo is implanted in the uterus, the hormone chorionic gonadotropin is released, which tells the mother's body to start all the changes and preparations to maintain the pregnancy, but in some cases the nausea is so extreme that it causes dizziness, fainting, and when accompanied by constant vomiting, it causes dehydration or nutrition problems. These cases are known as hyperemesis gravidarum. Fortunately, there are few cases that require hospitalization.

The first recommendation is to consume a soft diet in small portions but several times a day, drink plenty of water and preferably cold is how you will tolerate it best and avoid irritating foods, if nausea still persists we can prescribe antiemetics, but it is necessary go to consultation Very often they write to us that folic acid makes them nauseated and that is why they stop taking it, please remember that folic acid is essential for the development of your baby's brain, think about that and take your folic acid throughout the first trimester. ectopic pregnancies. Ectopic means "out of place", so an ectopic pregnancy occurs when the embryo implants outside the uterine cavity, usually in the fallopian tubes and is usually due to a blocked tube or a tube malfunction.

When a pregnancy occurs in the tubes, the amount of gonadotropin hormone produced is less than in a normal pregnancy. . .

Some women get scared when they take a pregnancy test and the second line on the test is barely visible, but before If they are concerned, it would be worth going to a consultation to perform an ultrasound and confirm where the embryo is located, even if only a dot is visible. Unfortunately, if it is in the tube, the pregnancy must be terminated since the baby will not have room to grow and if we let time pass, it will end up bursting the tube and causing bleeding that will take them to the hospital urgently. Flows or stained.

I have already said it in several videos and I will continue saying it: No discharge or bleeding is normal during pregnancy. . .

Although there could be a single exception, if on the very day the period is supposed to arrive they have a slight spotting it it is more likely that it is implantation bleeding, which is called when the bleeding of the period stopped in time but still shed some blood, but this bleeding should be light and appear only one day, if it comes to last more days or if you have any other type of flow or bleeding you have to go to a consultation, it is better to prevent. Fibroids and cysts during pregnancy we have had that concern from many moms who say: "I have fibroids and I'm already pregnant. What can we do?

". Do not worry, it is very difficult for a fibroid during pregnancy to cause difficulties for the baby unless they are very large and occupying that uterine cavity. Ovarian cysts are not going to represent a risk for pregnancy either, unless they are large cysts or unless the cyst is twisted, that does represent an emergency in which the cyst would have to be operated on, but as long as the cyst does not cause pain and does not If you have a twisted ovary, there would be no reason to do any surgery.

Dental problems. If it is important that your teeth are taken care of during pregnancy, if there is an infection, a bite, it is better to treat it because all these infections can also be transmitted to the baby, then it is very important, go to your dentist. Spontaneous abortion.

It is estimated that up to half of the fertilized eggs die spontaneously before the 7th week, even before the mother realizes she was pregnant, however , repeat miscarriages can occur up to the 12th week of pregnancy and are usually not the mother's fault, due to health problems of the embryo that could no longer continue to grow on its own, already entering the second trimester the embryo should continue to grow without stopping. If you have already had positive pregnancy tests but then you get your period normally or if you have had miscarriages before, I recommend that you watch our master class on repeat miscarriages. And now we are going to continue with the most common problems in the second quarter.

Second quarter. placental complications. There are many gynecologists who worry patients from the first consultation by telling them that the placenta is underdeveloped or that it was placed out of place, but the truth is that just as the baby develops little by little, the placenta also develops, for That is until the second trimester when we can assess whether there is a true complication such as bruising, placenta previa or placental abruption.

Hematomas are like small bruises or accumulations of blood that look like dark bags on ultrasound. It is very frequent that they appear because the placenta is growing and throwing out roots to absorb nutrients. Some of these roots or blood vessels form well and others do not.

bruises are made and usually disappear but it is important to monitor them by ultrasound to ensure that they do not grow and if so, control them with medication. Placenta previa can only be diagnosed until after week 24 and it is a placenta that partially or totally blocks the birth canal, depending on how severe the obstruction is, you can proceed with normal delivery or opt for a Caesarean section. Placental abruption is a more severe complication, frequently caused by heart problems, hypertension, preeclampsia, fibroids, or strong blows to the abdomen.

The first line of defense is usually to keep us on bed rest, although in extreme cases it may be necessary to advance delivery. Infections and sexually transmitted diseases. Fortunately, with medicines, we can prevent most sexually transmitted diseases caused by viruses, such as the HIV virus, from crossing the placental barrier and thus we can achieve a baby free of HIV.

There are other diseases caused by bacteria, which we can combat with antibiotics. The best way to combat them is by doing routine exams. Which ones?

The urine test and the vaginal test. What is this going to do for us? To detect problems that may cause premature births or membrane ruptures or infections in the baby at the time of birth, then it is highly recommended that routine urine tests be done in the consultations and when necessary, perform a vaginal culture, in fact, the General urine test also helps us detect or suspect complications such as preeclampsia or diabetes.

Anemia. In Latin America, 20% of pregnant women suffer from anemia. Imagine!

One in five mothers has or had anemia, and it is that during the first trimester the uterus is full of iron due to all the blood that it was storing during the last menstrual period, in addition to the fact that the embryo is nourished by the yolk sac while the uterus is being formed. placenta, but beginning the second trimester those reserves run out and the mother will need much more iron than she has needed in her entire life, so in addition to iron supplements it is recommended to eat plenty of whole grains, seeds, fruits, vegetables, beans, lentils, egg. Don't forget animal protein: Fish, chicken, meat.

Cervical insufficiency or incompetence . There will be women who have had losses in the second trimester between weeks 20 and 25. Why ?

Because this pathology could not be diagnosed. What is it? A short neck that is below 2.

5 centimeters and above all that has an opening, millimeters but an opening, any opening or any measure less than 2. 5 will make us suspect cervical insufficiency. We recommend performing a cervical cerclage, it is nothing more than tying the cervix, with a special tape and with a special technique, but it is a procedure that can save your baby's life.

Incompatibility to group and HR. You will have heard that they say "It is that my blood is not compatible with that of my baby". When does this happen?

When the mother is RH negative, the father is RH positive, it means that the baby can be positive or negative. If a baby were negative there will be no problem because it will have the same RH as the mother. The problem is when the baby is RH positive and the mother RH negative, then there may be incompatibility.

What does it mean? That the mother's blood recognizes it as something foreign and her blood will attack the baby's blood. Don't worry, there are studies that can determine if this is happening, it's called COOMBS, it's a maternal blood sample that defines whether or not there is this production of antibodies, if there is, there are also vaccines that can be applied During pregnancy.

Varicose veins. This is another condition that affects half of pregnant women to a greater or lesser extent, it is more frequent when there is a history of varicose veins in the family or overweight patients, therefore, the best recommendation is to take great care of your weight and diet. performing light exercises such as walking a couple of times a day, wearing low compression stockings, and giving regular massages to the legs or affected areas.

We highly recommend not spending a long time in the same position, for every 30 to 40 minutes that you are standing or sitting, change your position. There are some medications that can reduce the discomfort, but the treatment will really take place after your pregnancy. Preeclampsia.

According to the World Health Organization, preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal and fetal death in Latin America, and particularly in Mexico, it is estimated that one in ten women will suffer from preeclampsia. But, what is it about? Well, it's a condition where you develop very high blood pressure, this constant pressure can start to cause headaches, breathing problems, nausea, ringing in the ears, little lights and if it doesn't go down then you start to have swelling and increased weight, and eventually the vision will become blurry and the body begins to lose protein in the urine because the kidneys stop working.

We know that it is more frequent in new mothers, overweight women, diabetics or smokers, but there is no exact cause, so it is essential to: Follow a diet without excess sodium, check your blood pressure and do a urine test on a regular basis , even if the mother feels fine because the symptoms usually appear until the problem is already advanced. Premature and Postmature Birth A full-term baby is born between 37 and 42 weeks, but about 15% are born prematurely and 10% are postmature. As I had already mentioned, infections are one of the main causes of preterm labor.

If we suspect that a premature birth is occurring, the main thing is to give the fetus medication to accelerate its lung development. On the contrary, when the baby is postmature, the concern is that it will run out of space due to the lack of fluid that occurs in the last trimester. or that the oxygen supply decreases due to the same compression of the umbilical cord.

As long as the baby is an adequate size and there is enough room we can continue to wait, but if it starts to get too big for the birth canal it would definitely be better to induce labor or perform a C-section. Gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes is a very important condition in pregnancy, we have to detect it between week 24 and 28, that is why there is a study called "Gestational Screening" and this should be done to all pregnant women regardless of age and regardless of age.

Background. Poorly treated gestational diabetes in pregnancy can have many repercussions on your baby. Problems with fetal growth.

What is the main problem? Detecting when a baby stops growing. A bigger problem is when it stops growing before the 28th week, a lesser problem is when the growth stops after the 31st week.

Why is this? Because before the 28th we consider that it is a very premature baby and after the 31st it may be premature, but now may have that certain maturity to face life, that is why it is very important to go to your consultation every month and more importantly perform an ultrasound of your baby to see how the growth is going because from the beginning we can take measures to improve that condition of the baby, in case it does not have adequate growth. Well mommies, these were the most common complications of pregnancy, if you recognize any of the symptoms please see your obstetrician or come to Creafam, we can gladly help you have your #DramCompliment in your arms.