Seja Humano Sempre: Como a Filosofia pode ser um Guia Valioso para Vida com Prof Lúcia Helena Galvão

Our theme for today's conversation will be about Be human, but be whole. And before we get into this theme, I brought you a poem from one of the pseudonyms of Fernando Pessoa, which is Ricardo Reis. A small poem, I think it has a lot to do with our theme. This poem says the following. To be big, be whole. Nothing exagerates or excludes you. Be whole in everything. Put as much as you can, at least what you do. So, in every lake, the moon shines, because the high one lives. That is, keep it. And above all,

this first verse. To be big, be whole. Nothing exagerates or excludes you. This has a lot to do with what we are going to talk about today. Let's go to our chat? Well, first of all, I would like to draw your attention to various situations that are very obvious to us. It is interesting because an idea, within a context, seems to be the most obvious thing, and that is the world's reality. In another context, it seems strange and dubious to us. It is sometimes a lack of establishing a logical line between all our thoughts. If

we had this logical line, a lot of what seems dubious to us would certainly be true or certainly false. But we almost obey various laws, according to the environment we dedicate ourselves to appreciating. Just look at these contexts, for you to understand. Just look at these contexts, for you to understand. Just look at these contexts, for you to understand. what I'm trying to say. Consciousness teaches us that when you go on a diet, you must eat what is prescribed in the diet. Whether you are at home, at work, or in any other external place. In

other words, there's no such thing as I'm working now, the diet is just at home. No, a serious diet is everywhere, or not anywhere. It will not produce any effect. Another area. In the administration of the system of self-defense, In the time administration that I usually give this class, we say that it is necessary to have a single agenda. Ah, but sometimes I have things to do at work, I have things to do at university, I have things to do at home. Yes, but you are one. If you don't organize all this within your time,

which is one, you will get lost. And you won't know how to hierarchize according to all the things that have value in your life. That is, the same criterion, the same human being, despite the environments vary. Also another obvious thing, right? And medicine, if a doctor prescribes you a drug, you also know that even if you are traveling, you are abroad, you have the same time to take this drug, wherever you are. Nothing changes, this routine has to be respected in any environment. There is no drug that is restricted. It is a part of our

life. It is for all the fields of our life. You must remember it and must obey your rhythm. It is a matter of health. What else? Then entering the field of religion. Our Christian Bible says, You will not serve two lords at the same time. It is evident that it gets a little complicated, right? Because if there are two lords, these lords have their differences, and each one must have its priorities, which differ from the other. That is, you will not serve two lords at the same time means a single reference. There is an Arabic

saying that says something very similar. You will not ride two camels at the same time. Which is also very complicated. Look, I've tried riding a single camel. I guarantee you it's not easy. Riding two must be crazy. Really impossible. That is, these precepts that common sense teaches us, in relation to some sectors of life, which seems obvious to us, it's even nonsense to talk about it, in other sectors we completely forget. Let's see how interesting that is? Our concept of individual, what will he say? He will say that whatever we are, in fact, will be

with us everywhere, without fragmenting us along the way. That is, if you have a virtue, if you have a behavior that is conscious, and that you chose to have, you will use it, adapting to the conditions of the terrain, but faithful to the same principles in all environments. It is evident. I do not stop being what I am to go to no place. If I am fair, I will be fair everywhere. If I am patient, I will be everywhere. This is quite clear too. And it must be honored. There are already some doubts. Not everyone

applies the same principles, the same principles everywhere. But it should. Because your identity is one. Wherever he goes, he takes with him his identity. That is what Eastern philosophy calls your inner name. Another important thing to understand is that, even if you have to adapt, adapting is not mutilating. I have to adapt to my work environment. Maybe you have a more formal language than the one you have at home or with friends, but the force of the work, the way it can be adapted. The content is still you, with the same values, with the same

principles, with the same laws, with the same code of action. Just wrapped up according to a different context. Like a good car, which develops a good speed on an asphalt road. And on a rocky road, it goes much slower. But no situation, nor another, makes it stop. This is a good engine of a good car. It continues to be good. Although its need is to run at 20 or 80. It continues to be faithful to its quality principle. That is, adapting is not mutilating. I can't give up deep characteristics, deep principles of mine, to fit

me in a scenario. Once something very interesting happened to me, that I would like to share with you. I pasted a poster in Brasília, on a wall of a store. And a child came. It was a boy who apparently had just been literacy. He should have finished kindergarten, first grade, something like that. He uttered that word that was on my poster. Philo... So... Philo... So... After finishing with all that joy, he turned to me and asked, Aunt, what is philosophy? I confess to you that this for me was a fair skirt, because I had to

adapt this concept to the language of a 7-year-old child. And that day for me was the object of much reflection. Because I thought, if I only knew a concept decorated with philosophy, I would have nothing to give this boy. Because I couldn't come with a Pythagorean concept of love and wisdom, that he wouldn't understand. If I only had the form, if I only had the box, and I didn't have the content, I wouldn't be able to adapt. But when we have the content, we know what philosophy is, it adapts to a 7-year-old child, it adapts

to an elderly person, it adapts to a scholar, or to a person who is absolutely deprived of a school culture. It is able to wrap, whoever has the product, is able to wrap according to the taste of the frieze. This has a lot to do with our own life. I have an essence, I have an identity, I am able to adapt it according to the needs of the environment. But in no place do I stop being myself. Do you realize? This is something very interesting that adds up to the point that I want to take

you to our reflection today. What we are is the center. I put a picture here, I made a city of the interior, the center of a city of the interior. You will realize that when you want to create a city, when those flag bearers arrive there, who will create a city, the first thing they do, at least in the Western world, although in the East it is a version of the same thing, they carve a cross, pray the first mass, in that place the Matriz church will be built, the Matriz Square, and the whole city

will radiate from there. The city goes everywhere, it involves several roles, but this center, this heart, is always the reference of identity of this city. It was born here, and always comes back here when it wants to remember its creation, when it wants to celebrate important things. This is the heart, from where all life radiates. This is so everywhere, both in the macro and in the micro. Our galaxy nest has a center, our galaxy has a center, our solar system has a center, a cell, an atom, a molecule, everything has a center. Life radiates from

a center, and cannot lose contact with this center, because otherwise it loses its identity. That's how we are. There is a center in us, of identity, which is what our consciousness has already illuminated from our human nature, what I already know of my human nature, that is, all the principles, all the values, the little wisdom I have already conquered. This is my center. Therefore, all my life is illuminated by this center. Hence, this center adapts to the conditions of the periphery, but never mutilates itself, never ceases to be what it is. Therefore, if a city

goes through a great crisis and some neighborhoods further away begin to be uninhabited, it begins to have these adaptations to circumstances by the periphery. The center, in general, remains the same, as well preserved as possible, despite all the crises. This is a principle that happens outside, and it should also happen inside. Our center, our identity, must be present in any circumstance, always the same. Only adapted to the conditions of the terrain. Well, but where is Lucy wanting to get with all this? We'll get there soon. Well, these things seem obvious, not so much. In fact,

I will tell you, our historical moment is one of the moments in which the obvious is more questioned. After 31 years in New Acropolis, giving classes in philosophy, I gave up saying, I will not explain this because it is obvious, because ours is the moment of questioning, because we must understand the basis of logic of human life, of human thinking, of human principles. Everything has to be explained again. Therefore, all these principles that I explained to you so far, that it is not just one, it is the coherence in all spaces of the same idea,

of the same principle, we are talking about coherence, this is very questioned today. You must have heard, for example, the dispute that exists in the field of education, who will educate the blessed child. There is a book written, by an educator from São Paulo, called Dante Donatelli, called Who Educates Me? He talks about this dispute and says, well, this is comical, and I agree with him, it is comical. If you are willing to educate someone, and you are a father, for example, you only educate from the corner of your house inside, that is, your children.

When you get out of the corner, the children you are with, you cross the street, the human beings in general that you cross, in transport, in your work, you have no concern for the educator. There you have nothing to give an example of. There you do not have to influence for the good of anyone. What kind of educator is this? A little-neighborly educator? From the little corner to here, I am responsible for my principles. And I give the example, from the little corner to there, I do anything. This is an educator for English, see, this

is not consistent, there is no center, you have to coordinate your action in all places. It's the virtue of being a little-neighbor. I've talked a lot about it these days. That is, who educates children is everyone. Because if the father educates at home, and this father is a teacher, he educates as a teacher, as a father, educates when he is in public transport. The pop-up boy in the corner, who is also a father, also educates as a pop-up boy. Or no one educates anywhere. Because hardly anyone will be just a father. He is a father

and more other things. What virtue is this? It works in one environment and in another not. This is not truly a virtue. It's a facade. It's a virtue for English to see. And in front of a child, of a teenager, who are so intuitive, who practically go over the facades. I've taught to philosophy teenagers for many years. And I know how it is. They are working in the emotional field. In the emotional field. So they go over your facade and see what you are. They are the signals of your action. They observe your behavior. You

are whole in front of them. They are not only linked to what you say, but to what you are as a whole. So you will not be an educator anywhere. If not everywhere. And so it goes in other ethics virtues too. Companies, institutions are full of ethics codes. And you look to see the items. It's to be in there. For them it doesn't matter what this man does from the door to the outside. If he is a terrible father, if he is a terrible citizen, obviously he will not have this ethics anywhere. Because ethics is

either everywhere where your conscience is present and awakens, or it is nowhere. There is no ethics of a little circle. There is no justice of a little circle. Honesty, fraternity of a little circle. That is, I am fraternal when the campaign I am doing will be on the internet or on TV. When I walk down the street and there is a person in need, I ignore her. That is, at this moment no one is filming me, so I don't care about the pain of the other. That is, how many virtues of little circle do we

practice these days? What are they? Nothing. They are personal marketing. They serve interests and not true fraternity. This is not fraternity. Or are we fraternal beyond all the little circles? Or is this virtue not real? Our life is like that. It seeks to reach the same level. It is like water that seeks to level itself at the same level, at the same height. Virtues are either everywhere or are nowhere. This is the principle of coherence, of integrity. Fundamentally, it is based on this lack of limits. The limit is our life as a whole and maybe

even, who knows, after it. There are oriental philosophies, for example, that say that a true virtue is not even death capable of taking from us. It is something very legitimate and is with us everywhere. Now, what about us, in our practice as philosophers? Do we think so too? Do we obey this principle of coherence, of integrity, of our conscious, human presence to be effective in all fields and not just from the little circle to here? This is exactly the point that I would like to question with you today. Do we have this consciousness, although philosophy

constantly tells us about it? Sometimes, in the betweenlines of our lack of attention, in those moments where we let go of words that we do not even remember them, sometimes we leave traces of things that denote that our understanding of life is not yet very solid or very complete. For example, look at these traces. Philosophy takes time from my personal, family life, my professional life, or from my student life. I can't dedicate myself too much to these things because I do philosophy. Curious, right? That is, philosophy, then, if it is taking time from you in

these places, where is good philosophy? Only in the school of philosophy? Well, how so? It is not effective in any place. Because if you understand it, if you assume it as a possibility of interacting with a world more effective than the one you had before, why the little circle? Why at a certain moment we doubt that the philosophy that is given to us, which is a heritage, is bad in some context? Do you realize that this is basically incoherent? Does this violate the fundamental principle of integrity? Yes, but sometimes, in the gaps of unconsciousness, we

think so. Let's analyze it? I always play with my students, when they tell me, several times they have asked me, why do I believe in certain things, but when I act, I do others? I usually say that we have a mental box-2. Do you know what the mental box-2 is? One is those ideas that you believe as noble, good and fair. But you believe in a somewhat theoretical field. When life tightens you, when circumstances tighten you, you pull the box-2, which is what you really believe. Let's say you are in a traffic. Plato said that

courage is to maintain the domain of reason in limited situations. That is, a tight traffic, and you with a tight schedule, this is a limited situation, a situation that tensions you. Maintain the domain of reason. Then, even if you remember this Platonic principle, what do you say to yourself? Ah, this thing about Plato is not worth it in this situation. In Plato's time, there was no engulfing. So he doesn't know. In this context, it has to be my way. Then you pull the box-2, which is your way. What does your way do? Ring the bell,

fight with the person in front of you, give a close-up, threaten to cause an accident, hurt, offend, get nervous, and you arrive at your commitment still late and totally stressed. Do you know what that means? It means that you are with a basic incoherence and perhaps unconscious of it. There must be a moment when you feel with yourself and pull this box-2 to a conversation and say, look, boy, you're wrong. Your way is a drug. Plato's way would have been much better. Plato did not live in transit, but he lived very deeply in human nature.

Therefore, you can adapt to any context. If I had followed his advice, life would be much better and I would have come out much better. Therefore, boy, it's a fiat conversation. I don't give credit anymore to you. I don't give credit to what you have to tell me. Do you understand that? We have to go dismissing the box-2, taking it out of the way. These are those beliefs that, when life tightens us, it is to it that we resort. So all the teachings we receive are theoretical. What we are going to have here is basically

an analysis of this. When you tell me that philosophy disturbs me in a work environment, in a family environment, in a family personal environment, in a student environment, in any of these three worlds, why does it disturb you? Does it really disturb you? Let's take a look. What would she say to you to do in these moments? Isn't it better than what you do without her? Let's pull this box-2 to a discussion in the light of day and see if he is right? What do you need to be a good family member? Let's consider some

factors. I listed some factors, maybe you think about some others. But let's start with these that I think are of good size. What do you need to be a good family member in your multiple roles? That is, in the role of father, son, brother, husband, wife, whatever. First, patience. Obviously, coexistence requires patience, requires self-control, requires you to know, to have closed convictions, to listen to others, to understand the process of others. In short, coexistence is based on patience. And in the family field even more. We tend to put an informality in this field that is

sometimes excessive. An informality where we accept to let go of our animals. When our animals should never be let go. Our animals, which are our instincts, our compulsions, should always be under our conscious control. It is not because people are more intimate than you, that you can let go of the animals on top of them. This is absurd. Sometimes we will perceive the deception of this concept when we lose these people. We say, wow, how I did things that I never should have done with someone who loved so much. That is, in this family moment

you have to be patient. Philosophy helps in this? I brought you some principles here, some of which you reflect, some of which are epithet, mainly epithet in the art of living, but also some of other philosophers. Epithet says, inner life depends on us, external things do not. Therefore, trying to control them generates frustration, anxiety and a tendency to criticism. We must have calm and self-control. That is, trying to control external things instead of appreciating them, knowing how to deal with them from your own point of view, is a point of confrontation that will never end.

And you end up hurting people. And neither of the two grows in this coexistence, which is the priority function of coexistence, a parallel to the others. But for that, it is necessary that both have the patience and self-control necessary to learn from the other, teach what he knows and make a progressive synthesis, respecting each other. It's not just epithet, you will learn this in the course of philosophy countless times, through the mouth of several great philosophers. That is, philosophy helps at this point. What else? Do not think you own the truth. Our friend Epithet comes

again and says, give up vanity. You should know that you do not know. Contemplate the world with freshness, without previous schemes. We all know very little. Arrogance is more the mask of cowardice. That is, not finding yourself the owner of the truth means I see from one point of view that it is not absolutely true nor that of the other. But certainly my point of view has something of the truth, and his too. And if we put ourselves with this spirit of learning wanting to grow, we will be able to change what we have of

better and make a synthesis in which we both grow. Differences do not necessarily oppose. In many cases, differences complement. If there is this certainty, I am not the owner of the truth. It is one of the things that is most worked on. Plato talks too much about it. Socrates spoke, I only know that I know nothing. That is, philosophy is constantly reflecting on this point. That is, that is also useful. What else? Be a sum factor. I do not forget the phrase of the great Cicero, philosopher and Roman orator, who said, be a sum factor

for the people whose lives you participate. Realize this. All the time look at people around you and think, the fact of being in their lives makes them grow as a human being? Or am I cutting people's wings around me? Because living with a person who cuts your wings for life outside, at a certain moment you can look at her and say, it would be better if I had never known you. That is, we can be a factor of subtraction in people's lives. Here Epictetus will also say, take care of your thoughts, words and actions, so

that they awaken the best in people around you. That is, think all the time about being a sum factor. Worry about it, your life has value not only for you, but for all those who she touches. Soon we will see the concept of happiness, of Epictetus, which has a lot to do with it. Your life has value for yourself and for all those you touch. That is, philosophy has a lot to say. And not just theory, practice. These men lived like this, these men were like this. It is a testimony of life, and not just

an implicit intellectual phrase. What else? Maintaining good-level conversations, this relaxation and this too much informality sometimes makes us let our conscience fall too much within a family environment. That is, it falls too much within a family environment. And it turns out that this concession, this excessive informality, makes us lower the consciousness of the whole group. Not knowing very well how to control your conversations, knowing what is valid and worthy to say to the other. At this moment, too, Epictetus comes with a beautiful phrase. Look, speak only with good purpose. Do not waste mental flux on

others. Frivolities, exposed intimities, vulgarities. You become what gives attention. Try to qualify conversations or keep quiet. You become what gives attention. Remember the biblical phrase for your works I will know you. The trail you leave tells a lot about you. And your trail is thought, word and action. That is, take care of rude, vulgar words, bad mood, exposed intimities. Do not fool people who live with you in family. Be careful with this idea that here I can do everything. You can not. They are the people you love the most. Therefore, here you owe the best.

And you can not do everything. This is also a constant teaching of philosophy. I keep looking at the current world and thinking where we would learn this so necessary for our family life if it were not through philosophy. In New Acropolis I was 24 years old. I will tell you, none of these things I knew. Absolutely nothing. Where in today's society are these things taught to human beings? It is always a coercion according to certain dogmas, out of fear, out of desire. This internal conviction that principles are what we have most precious, are the jewel

of our life. Where do we learn this? That is, once again, point to philosophy. It also teaches you this. Be collaborative in tasks and finances, that is, be co-responsible. Just as each cell of our body is co-responsible for the life of the whole. When a cell leaves for a solo career a little strange, it can compromise the life of the body as a whole. Here I brought you a phrase from Saint Augustine, which is very beautiful. It is a precept, a advice. He says, if you need a hand, always remember, that I have two to

offer you. That is, the principle of collaboration with one of the things that define the character of a true human being. That is always predisposed to, at the limit of your principles, at the limit of your values, add value to the life of the other. It is not helping in anything, because helping in certain things means complicity in addictions. But to grow, always count on me. In fact, I use this phrase a lot when I say, about what parents should say to their children, children, teenagers, young people, to go up, always count on me. To

go down, go down alone. And this is an attitude of love. Being a member of weaknesses is pure selfishness, demagogy, is wanting to be loved at any cost. So this generosity, this collaboration, all that is valid, working together, walking together, this is also something that is extremely necessary in our family life. But one point, that is also true for philosophy, it also teaches us a lot of this. It not only teaches us how we practice this within our spaces. It is a laboratory, there we rehearse all these things. Laboratory, maybe some of you know, comes

from labor and oratio, work and prayer. That is, it is a space with what I admire of banality. A space that has a sacred character, where we give our best, not just to stay there, but to be extended throughout our lives. Being supportive and empathetic with other people's pain within a family life, this is fundamental. People have their cycles, but he is very weak, this is a weakness, this is a bullshit. Look, remember Confucius who said, if you lost a leg, do not despise the pain of your partner who cries for having a wound in

a nail. That is, a wound in a nail. For him, it is a wound in a nail. He hurts a lot within the context of his life, within that moment, it is a weakness. Not that you will overestimate the other's evils, but you will be supportive and will help him expand that panel. So that he himself will realize that it is not so significant. But never humiliating or belittling the pain of the other. That is, once again our friend Epictetus has here a beautiful phrase too. Try to understand the other's reasons and try to forgive

him. Forgive others and yourself, gives us serenity. Every step is gradual. That is, accept the step the other is on. Be understanding in relation to that little fact that may seem small to you, but that at that level that that person is, it is huge. Do not want to make improper comparisons. It does not mean that because you have overcome this level of pain, you are superior to that person. Human nature is a mystery. Suddenly there it synthesizes an experience and passes through you like a jet plane. Do not underestimate the human being, do not

round the human being. But be able to understand it and help it to take a step up. Get out of that context, get out of that scenario. And is that very familiar? Yes. Is it very necessary with the people who are around us? A lot. This is a fundamental element for life and family to work. Does philosophy teach you that? Too much. Teoretically teaches, practically teaches. Because every time you get between us it will be treated that way. And we seek to put this into practice. We have the spirit of improvement, not perfection, but we

do not give up fighting for this conduct. We believe in it and seek to honor it with practice. What do you need to be a good professional? Maybe some of you know even better than me. But let's see the items I separated for that? Abolish competitiveness and think as a team. Today it is something within the labor market that is considered a huge value to know how to work in a team. Do you know why? Everyone wants to compete with everyone and be the best. Today it is difficult, I heard a musician telling me once,

that today it is difficult to make a choir, because people do not want their individual voice to disappear within the whole. They want to sing higher, they want to appear. Today there is a mentality within society that success is always built on someone's failure. You can't work in a team, you have to stand out within the team. You have to get first and have all the others defeated. It doesn't make sense, it doesn't make any sense if everyone comes first. We were not taught to win together. We were taught to win over. Success, highlight, means

that you went up and a lot of people stayed down there, laughing in envy of you. People want that and are educated for that since their early childhood. So working in a team today is not without reason, which is something very complicated. What does philosophy say about it? There comes our friend Epictetus in the art of living who says the following, free your heart from ambition and fear and do not aspire to be something else but the best of yourself. That is, stop competing with others. Try to be better than yourself yesterday, last week, last

month, last year. Compare yourself only to yourself. And that's the way you don't charge with so much rudeness. But notice if small steps are being taken. There is an Indian sutra which is the Mahaprajna Paramita which I think is very beautiful. He says, go, go together, further and further, until the ultimate achievement. That is, it is a moral precept of divine character that says, go to the ultimate achievement, but look, don't go alone, go together. For these divine beings it doesn't matter a man who shoots in front. It matters the one who is able to

walk with everyone else. This is philosophy. It is a learning that today in the market has a huge value and philosophy teaches you to do it. Therefore, today, even, courses are being launched for this, called soft skills, to help develop virtues within a company. Once again, close. They are virtues made for you to have only within the company. I don't believe they work. Either you change your whole life, or you illuminate your whole life, or it won't work. It will be a mask. It will be a virtue for the English to see. What else? Know

how to lead. This too, wow, how many leadership courses there are out there. It is a very obvious thing because it constantly speaks. You don't lead yourself. How are you going to lead others? If you try to do something that judges noble, fair and good, and inertia does not let, passions do not let, instincts do not let, you are not a leader of yourself. So how are you going to lead others? If you observe a factor, I've seen it many times, because I'm also a worker, and I've had to undergo this type of training. If

you stop to observe our body, our mind, our head, our mind, and lead the body. How does she lead? Does she think only of herself? And disregard the good of the rest of the body? She would be crazy, because she knows that this would be a suicide. What she seeks, is it good for her alone? Or is it good for the body as a whole? Always good for the body as a whole. That even though she reads a book, she is learning more self-control, she is learning to control her compulsive, dietetic or instinctive compulsions. This

is good for the body too. A body is much better treated when it has a wise mind than when it has an ignorant mind. Therefore, the mind as the leader of the body, is a very perfect leader. Philosophy teaches you to learn from life. It teaches you to have a symbolic vision, to learn with everything. This is also one of the fundamental elements that philosophy develops. Here I brought to you a phrase by Plato, that says the following, that which is not a good learner will not be a good master. That is, if you intend

to lead someone, you will be like a master of this group. You will make them learn something through your word and through your example. Do you have this ability to learn through the word and the example of the other? Or do you have that hierarchical mentality that is always looking up thinking how to overcome it, and looking down with fear of being overcome by the other? Do you spend your whole life competing or learning? Because the one who only competes and considers life as a bunch of hierarchical posts placed from top to bottom, that he

is always looking for trams to climb one more step, this one will never be a good leader. He has no team spirit. He doesn't think about the body. This is a mind that will kill the body in two times. Philosophy teaches this. It teaches too. It guides us so that we have the spirit of improvement. Because we are constantly, we are constantly, sorry, finding these character weaknesses in us and rusting, stopping the branches, trying to grow. We are not perfect beings, we are very far from that. But the spirit of improvement is what guarantees the

rectitude of our character. We make a mistake, we get up, we learn from the mistake and we keep trying. And that's how everything is obtained in the world, through rhythm, perseverance and constancy. What else? What is the purpose of a good professional, of a good professional career? What are useful things? To have the three authorities without belittling human authority. Know how to live together. Do you know what the three authorities are? First, the intellectual authority. If you are a leader of a working group, you have to know the work. Evident. If there is any employee

who knows the work better than you, it gets a little complicated. You have to try to dominate to be able to lead. Know what has to be done, what is the goal that has to be achieved. Know the process. There is the moral authority, which is to do together. Not the one who is behind giving orders, but the one who is in the front pulling, participating, doing together. And finally, but not less important, the human authority. That is the one who considers that a well-done work does not mean that in the end things are done

with quality. Only. A well-done job is that things are done with quality and people are well. That is, in the end, we cannot forget that the great product of any of our activities is the construction of human beings. The human being cannot be taken only as a means. As Immanuel Kant said, it is the greatest immorality that exists to take the human being as a means. The human being is a end in itself. We came here to build ourselves and through our example, build everyone else. With this human authority, which is taught by philosophy, we

can acquire a huge advantage both in leadership and in coexistence in general. Humanism always adds value to coexistence. Philosophy teaches this all the time. This is one of the most important goals that we set as a goal, which is the idea of universal fraternity. Once again, here is a phrase from Taoism that says the following The great leader is the one that people say we did it. That is, the great leader is the one that when everything is done everyone feels the owner of that product. Lao Tse himself, in Tao Te Ching, says a phrase

that I find very beautiful. He says, of the sages of old, it can only be said that they existed. They are noticed when they are missing. They are so light that they are only noticed when they are missing. They do not impose themselves on others to want to highlight only their name using others only as a maneuver. That is, the whole group is victorious when a good leader is victorious. And this is human authority. This is an excellent way of coexistence. And this philosophy teaches all the time. Continuing, what do you need to be a

good professional? To have good ideas, own ideas, be inspired and creative. Wow, in a critical moment like this, people walk with the lamp on at noon, as Diógenes de Sínope did, and they are creative. Someone innovative, someone who finds a way out that is not within all these things that were burned by the crisis. Someone who finds the light at the end of the tunnel. This is extremely valued. Philosophy helps in this. Let's see here the phrase once again from our epithet. Disconfide of social conventions. The new is not necessarily good. Support only what has

a sense of justice, humanity, goodness and discipline. That is, what the epithet is saying here, get out of mass thinking, of the collective. Have a reference to find good alternatives. Your principles. Your principles will always find a road where everyone says there is no. Because people are often ruled by their selfish interests. Therefore, everything that leads to a collective good, that leads to a collective achievement, is a road that is still ahead of them. They don't come. If you are a good person, if you are guided by principles, you will always find the best paths.

If you are a person fated to creativity, to true innovation, which is not simply a variation on the same theme, but it is a path that preserves humanity of all those who will walk it. That is, philosophy helps to develop your own ideas, to develop creativity, to think outside the box, more than anything else. This is amazing. People are talking about a question, making round tables, and all proposing the same thing. I say, a person who made first level in New Acropolis is already more creative than this group that is there. It is a addicted

thought, a vicious circle of ideas. People are stuck in there, they can't get out. There was no incentive to seek, based on your own common sense, based on your own identity, which has to be recognized in the inner life that develops, so that we realize who we are. From these references, find unusual paths. People don't learn that anywhere. This is a commodity, among the valued assets in the market, it is only. This is the CEO of the big companies, who has a little of it today, is king in the world. Philosophy teaches this? It teaches

too much. Much more than any current business course. I have lived with these courses, and I can tell you, they are of incredible poverty. Philosophy is a springboard of teachings that would be extremely valued in this market, if they knew it. What else? Be organized and economical. Any company needs a person who practices order and economics, which is the concept of efficiency. To get to the maximum, to get to the best possible result for you and your team, with the resources you have. That is, to know how to use the resources of time, space, life,

of inputs in general, in the most moderate and sensible way possible. Philosophy teaches this? That is again, our friend Epictetus, practicing moderation is necessary. Having adequate goods to needs, like the shoe, is suitable for the foot. Do not be a slave to whims. That is, to know how much we need of few things to live as human beings. And that everything that is given to us, time, space, our life, the life of the other, is a gift that has to be tremendously well managed, tremendously respected. For this, sometimes a philosopher with very little, does things

that no one does. I remember a passage from the life of Diogenes of Sinope, you must have heard of this philosopher, he belongs to a previous school, the Stoicism, which is cynicism, he lived in a barrel. And there was a philosopher, in quotes, from the time, who was an aristic of Sireni, who was a Sireniac, as the name says, he created the Sireniac school. And the Sireniac school cherished comfort and pleasure. And this aristic lived pampering a certain king of a people who lived in the immediate areas of Greece. And passing through Athens, he saw

Diogenes eating lentils. Eating with his hand, because there was nothing there. And lentils, for that context, was the most banal food you can imagine. It was like eating sleeping bread. It was the poorest thing you could see. And Erispo is outraged with that, turns to Diogenes and says, if you pampered a king, you wouldn't need to eat lentils, Diogenes. Diogenes very calmly turns to him and says, and if you ate lentils, Erispo, you wouldn't need to pamper any king. That is, if I have to save money, I save it in the field of dignity, in

the field of my honor, and in the material field, lentils are very good. That is, the economy, the disposal, knowing how to do a lot, because this man made history. While Erispo didn't do much, this man is still a moral instructor after two thousand years, two thousand and two hundred years. Understand. And what he had? A barrel and lentils. That is, philosophy is constantly a teaching of efficiency, to do your best with the resources you have, and also of efficiency, to try to put your heart in all things and generate in them the greatest possible

quality. Do you learn this in philosophy? Learn too much. What else? Have initiative and responsibility. This is tremendously valued in the labor market. A person reliable and with initiative is worth gold in the labor market. Sometimes we say, there is a terrible unemployment. There is indeed, but for men of this type there are still vacancies. People who have responsibility, commitment and initiative, for these always have vacancies, and they are increasingly rare. Philosophy teaches this? What do you think? Once again, our friend Epictetus. Evil is a subproduct of negligence, laziness and distraction in relation to the

goals of our life. Happiness is born from commitment and personal improvement. That is, what Epictetus is saying here? Commit to the goal of your life, which is to be a man as close as possible to the human ideal, of values, virtues and wisdom. Get as close as possible to the apex of the pyramid, which is the fullness that a human being can have, of values, virtues and wisdom. Live in real time. Real time is measured by advances towards the tip of this pyramid, that is, by growth as a human being. And commit to it makes

you a man who knows to honor your commitments. And will honor them wherever they are. And will find exits and will have initiative, because in addition to being committed, is a person who is always looking for opportunities. To take a step towards what you committed to. It is said that from there comes the word courage, which is of core, heart. You put your heart there in the future, there in the goal of your life, at the apex of the pyramid. And the rest of the body will always be running in this direction, because it will

not give up recovering your heart, of finding your heart again. Therefore, a man who is committed and responsible in relation to his own human condition is a man who will be committed to and responsible and with initiative in any context. Once again, philosophy helps tremendously. It generates a impeccable professional and with a lot of vivacity, with the ability to think for yourself, with a lot of initiative, with a lot of courage. And from the point of view of a good student, ah, I'm taking a difficult course, it requires a lot of study, philosophy bothers me.

Will it? What does a good student need? Look guys, some of you must know, I am a professor of study techniques. I have been taking this course for many years and I really like it and I feel quite authorized to manage this course, because I practice rigorously the things I teach. I can tell you with all tranquility, I have already found over these decades as a teacher people who spend their whole life studying for a master's degree or for a competition, they study 10 hours a day. And when I go to see the way they

study, I realize that a well-trained philosopher with some principles of philosophy would do all this in two hours a day. And I'm not bluffing, I know this Metier well, I have been teaching study techniques for about 20 years, so I don't believe that philosophy would hinder, but let's take a look at it item by item? Let's go. A good student needs attention, and concentration. What does our friend Epictetus say? Try to isolate now, for this moment, this person, this challenge, this task, that is, body and mind together, as Carl Jung said, in each step of

your life. The habit of training concentration all the time. There is a Zen story that says that there was a sage who was very rekindled in everything he did. He approached perfection in all his actions. One day a disciple came to ask him, while he peel a fruit, he came to ask him what he did to be so perfect in everything he did. That is, so close to perfection, because no one is perfect. And he was peeling a fruit, he said, simple, when I'm peeling a fruit, I'm peeling a fruit. My mind, my emotions, my

action, my everything, is channeled in the fruit, in the knife, in the falling shell, and there is nothing else. Philosophy has always been an excellent training of this. For those of you who have studied Bhagavad Gita, you know that Bhagavad Gita is a part of a great Indian epic which is Mahabharata. On the occasion when the Pandavas and Kauravas princes were trained together, in bow and arrow, their instructor, Drona, asks them to shoot in the eye of a wooden bird that was at the top of a tree. They all came, prepared a bow and asked

him, what are you seeing? They answered similar things, I see the sky, I see the clouds, I see the tree, the tree leaves, the bird and the eye. He says, stop, don't shoot. Everyone comes and does the same thing. Until Arjuna arrives. Arjuna looks and asks, what are you seeing? The eye. And what else? Nothing, the eye. And of course, Arjuna is certain. Philosophy teaches you to have a reference of the future as a reference of direction. But try to be physically together in every step you take. Because only an ideal is achieved when you

make all your steps ideal. You don't get to a great future taking mediocre steps. That is, concentration, attention, is a constant practice of philosophy. It is one of the disciplines we most approach and one of the developments that is most done in the practice of philosophy. And that helps a lot. What else? The spirit of the learner, intrinsic interest. This is another fantastic thing. I just want to learn when I have to take a test. You will be a mediocre student. Intrinsic interest, I'm not even there for this subject, I want to pass. That is,

I open a postcard and say, what a crap, but this job pays well. What a crap, but this university course I'm going to do is good. That is, knowledge is half, and a half boring, a nuisance, for you to achieve a purpose that this one is good. That's how people think. This is the methodology of a mediocre student. A student who has behind the bet of philosophy, he is interested in knowledge itself. And what comes next? Well, we see later. 200,000 years that we are homo sapiens. Why are we homo sapiens? For the interest in

knowledge. Or did we go back from this condition? How can it happen that people consider knowledge as a stifling? I realize that in everything you do, in anything that arises before you as an opportunity for knowledge, there is something that can be removed so that you respond better to life. There is something useful there. A direct learning, a symbolic learning, a philosopher, we are educated for this, in anything that corresponds to learning, he is interested and knows that there life is sending him a message. If he does not receive, he will respond in a worse

way tomorrow to the events of life. Because life is like that, it sends a lesson and only then does it send the proof. A philosopher loves knowledge itself, no matter what comes next. If I go to work, well, I learned a lot of things and it was very useful. For us, in New Acropolis, maybe you don't know much about it, when we go out to make a subsidiary, we are all volunteers, when we start to make this subsidiary, it is very common that the first two, three, ten first lectures do not come from any human

being. We are still unknown in that region, we have to do the advertising ourselves, it is very common, you prepare a lecture a lot and no one comes. Imagine if we would stand and see this, if it were so linked to results. The feeling that gave me, I did several subsidiaries, well, what a pity they didn't come to share, but I learned a lot. That's how it is. A person with this mentality is a brilliant student. This mentality of intrinsic knowledge makes you interested in the footprints of the love of intelligence and the divine will,

wherever they are. Everything you stop and pay attention to, you will go there with a useful teaching for your life. I don't drink alcoholic beverages, I never drank because I don't like it, I don't like the flavor. Once I saw a program talking about how wine is made. The good European wineries, those that have excellence, they take a vineyard and they stop all the lower branches and just leave it fruiting up there. You know why? So that the vine makes an effort to be raised. And up there it generates the best fruits. Why do you

care if you don't like wine? It matters because there is a principle of life that sacrifices banality, sacrifices inferior things so that life energy generates the highest fruits up there, which are the most delicious, which are the best products of life. Will it not work if I do that too? Doesn't it work in my life too? That is, a program that teaches to make wine in Europe, even for those who don't drink. If it appeared in your path, is there anything interesting that can teach you? That is, a student who thinks in this way is

a brilliant student who with much less time achieves much better results. That is, philosophy is present there too. What else? What do you need to be a good student? Capacity for synthesis, own ideas. You are not there to simply compile what others said. You are there to add your experience, your reference. And you tend to think that you are the best student. You are there to be able to take the essence of things. For example, you read a book. You have to know when you close the cover or finish your reading, what are the main

ideas that are exposed there. And know how to have a planning to investigate them, to see if they are true and if they are, to integrate them in your response to life. You have to be able to reflect on what you read, find these ideas and be able to add them to your response to life. Otherwise you are a accumulator of information. You are not a learner. Everything in life needs synthesis. An event we go through, a suffering. There has to be a synthesis that allows us to get to the other side better, bigger. Otherwise

it's just suffering. Life is not sadism. Life is there to teach us. We can always get out of the other side bigger. That is, this capacity for synthesis, this capacity for reflection that philosophy teaches for a student is fundamental. One day I met a person who does the same as me. A person told me, all the books I read in my life I do a closing of the main ideas. I said, wow, this is very typical of philosophers. If I need to give a lecture about a book I read for 20 years, I go to

my little books. I have the main ideas there. And how many times I read, and I read fast, because it's well synthesized, and well done, I integrate these ideas again. I am a good student. I can tell you that modestly. I consider myself a very reasonable student. Who taught me this? Philosophy. With the volume of things I do for the last week, I will not tell you the amount of things that I have to read per week, sometimes per day. I consider myself a good student. Who gave me this? Philosophy. Who will talk about this?

Our friend Epictetus. Examine in detail new endeavors. Once found valid, surrender to them from the heart. That is, examine what you will do before you commit. When you commit, without hurry and without pause. That is, the rhythm is what sustains life. It is the rhythm of your heart. It is the rhythm of your breathing. It is the peristaltic rhythm of your intestine. Life is sustained by rhythms. The life of a student who is a continuous learner, integrate knowledge to get out bigger on the other side, also depends on rhythm and responsibility. That is, everything that

comes to me, I will face it with the sufficient seriousness of those who want to learn. And not just to gather information. And I will surrender to this at the right pace. That allows me to read, assimilate, integrate, respond to life. I will not make big pauses, because big pauses in my heart would kill me. A good student, among the things he puts in his backpack to take to the holidays, certainly there is a book. Because he likes to learn. This is not torture, that on holidays he leaves locked in the house. He likes to

learn. He likes it. If learning is torture, you will definitely not be a good student. Philosophy puts learning with one of the conditions most pleasant in life. Philosophy also helps in this item. Finally, with these brief approaches that we made about these three sectors, family, work, studies, we can conclude, I think with a lot of propriety, that philosophy gives you things, does not take things away from you. It adds a dimension to everything you do, anywhere, and not just in the philosophy class. It is present with you in all the places you go, and qualifies

your actions in the world, whatever they are, from the way you take care of your plants, to how you take care of your papers at work, how you preserve all the things that you use, how you respect the environment, how you respect the people who live with you. Philosophy is with you everywhere. Or it is nowhere. And when it is with you, it adds a lot of value to your life. Whatever you do. It is said that on one occasion Plato discussed with a person, this person put to him the most bizarre professions in the

world, and he said how philosophy could improve its performance in that profession, which carried weights in the case of the port, which led animals, any one, and says he left a single situation without an answer. I believe in that. Philosophy can add value to everything, if lived in the right way. That is what we propose to teach. Philosophy as the art of living. Philosophy for life. Well, imagine this placement, this expression, you may think it is comical, but it clarifies the idea that I want to pass. I believe in God, but I will leave him

at home, because in my work he gets in the way. Who would say something like that? It is obvious that you take God with you, if you believe in him, to all the places where you are, and it illuminates your action. You will say to me, you are comparing philosophy with God, philosophy is not religion. No, philosophy is not religion. But let me tell you something, if you love God, you also love your attributes. Or not. Imagine I tell you, I like someone too much, I like this person, but I do not like the way

she speaks, the way she walks, the way she behaves, I do not like any attribute of her. Obviously, to love God is to love your attributes. And what are God's attributes? Values, virtues and wisdom, which is exactly what philosophy teaches. That is, to take God, silent and immobile, to all places, has very little validity. You take God with all your attributes. And who trains you in these attributes? Philosophy. And makes you believe that they are in God, but they are also in seed, waiting to be awakened. Be perfect as your father in heaven is perfect,

says the Bible. And in all traditions of the world there are equivalent phrases. Philosophy shows you that these seeds exist, and that they can and must be cultivated. Ah, but if I can live philosophy everywhere, I can also learn it everywhere. Isn't that right? Is it not possible to think that way? If I can live philosophy everywhere, why do I need to go to New Acropolis? Yes, that's right, my dear. Imagine that you want to be a doctor, but you are not going to a college, you are going to practice medicine like Leonardo da Vinci

practiced. Do you know how it is? At that time, the corpses were not put in the freezer, because they did not exist. So he spent days in hiding, the corpse in rotting, he making a dissection of that corpse and making hidden drawings. Many times, he is threatened to get intoxicated by everything that came from there. Are you going to do that? No, you will take advantage of everything that has been developed throughout the history of medicine and you will learn from there. Ah, I want to make an airplane. Are you going to learn how to

make airplanes like Santos Dumont did? No, you go to ITA and you will see everything that has been developed in technology, in aeronautical engineering, until now. You will not waste your time, you will not risk losing your life falling on top of a slug, you will take everything that has been developed, it will start from there. What else? Do you want to measure the Earth? Try to measure it like you measure the Empedocles, moving from one place to another on foot, counting the steps, putting two masters and seeing the angle of the shadow at the

same time, on the same day of the year. Go do it! Nobody will do that! Nobody else will do that! It will start from what humanity has already developed. We do not want to hear anyone who has developed to the maximum of his possibilities the art of living. Look, I'm going to tell you that it's easier to do medicine, measure the Earth, or do any other job, starting from scratch, than starting from scratch and knowing yourself. Which is exactly a phrase by Jung, that we use a lot, Carl Jung, founder of analytical psychology, who was

also a great philosopher, he has a phrase that says, it is easier to start from scratch, and develop a machine that takes you to the Moon, than to start from scratch and develop knowledge that takes you to the interior of yourself. The human being, with all his bodies, with all his structures, is tremendously complex to start from scratch. We have a structure of people who developed this and knew how to give a human response to life, leave a trace of humanity. Why should we want to start from scratch and learn to do medicine? We must

start from our own perceptions. I will not learn aeronautical engineering at ITA, I will learn from my own perceptions so that I can learn from ITA. This in another field would be absurd. Why do we admit this here? We think that if things are absurd in one field, they are absurd in all others. The universe seeks stability at the same level. A single law. You will not serve two gentlemen at the same time, as we have already said. There is a phrase that is very famous, and they have already put a thousand words in the

book, I have written authors for it on the internet, but it really belongs to a letter written by Isaac Newton to a friend named Robert Crooke, who said the following, if I see so far away, it is because I see mounted on the shoulders of my ancestors. This was Isaac Newton, who, for those who do not know, had a whole philosophical life behind his scientific development. He was a great philosopher and knew very well how things are. So if you have a philosophy school and want to learn to live, it is like you wanted to

learn to build planes and have the ITER. Happy about you, because you would not get very far alone. Imagine us living our banal life and reaching the conclusions that Plato came to. Well, he has already arrived and offered you this for free. And you can start from where he stopped. Are you going to dispense this? Are we going too far like this? And why do we dispense this? Why would we dispense? All those who knew how to live would like to teach. Why would we dispense? It is foolish. We would not go forward in anything

thinking that way. Kahlil Gibran used to use an expression that I find beautiful. He said that we must all be places of enrichment of the gifts of life. That is, all the gifts of life pass through us, but we do not let them pass because some private goods can be molded, because even if we are specialty people we must take care of ourselves. It is for wielder of others who enjoy some exploits and we our loved one to pray to them. Here at our service people with money spend their lives with what they would like.

What have we to offer? Your nicht designs, your example before passing it on. Philosophy is allowing you to synthesize your goal in all sectors of your life. That is, not to live in vain, not to pass on this jar with the same amount or even reduced. Observe, this is not difficult to understand. Observe the famous thinkers of our time. I have done this a lot lately. You look at what they say, it is an aggregate of ideas from others, quotes from others, jargon from the politically correct and well-placed little graces. You look for, using a

little logic, what are their ideas. You will hardly find them. If you find me, show me. Because today it has been very rare to find a thinker with his own ideas, who is able to add this goal that is expected of him, in the jar of knowledge that life has offered him. Philosophy, legitimate philosophy teaches you to do this. And comply with your debt with nature. It gives you everything and you add your part, your note, that word that the Greeks called the Eros Logos, the sacred word. You add what you have synthesized with your

life experience and leaves humanity a little richer. Contribute to the work of nature, do not live in vain. Who faces the thought of fashion alone? This is another thing that is very interesting to remember, which is another contribution of philosophy. The thought of fashion is a compressor roll. This is not a joke, people. Even because there is the subliminal idea that if you do not think like everyone else, you are stupid, you are ignorant and you will be despised by everyone. Now there is this culture of cancellation, you will be canceled by everyone or by

someone at a certain moment. Whether you are in need, for insecurity, for lack of courage to live your own life, is massacred by the compressor roll of collective thinking. I already did an experience a few years ago to look for what were the thoughts of fashion in the five different historical moments. Do you know what conclusion I came to? Fashion was never good with the seller. Men who made history were generally out of fashion and not within it. Philosophy helps you develop. authenticity. That authenticity is too hard for some compressor roll to be able to

crush. Authenticity, own ideas, own life, be yourself, have your center, have your essence. Allow your being, through your personality, give your message to the world. Philosophy helps you find that. It is a tool for that. That is, it also protects you from being massacred by the compressor roll. of the collective and not giving your message to the world. I will give a Buddhist pad that you studied at the first level says, more than a thousand words without meaning. It is worth a single word that brings comfort to those who hear it. Have you ever said

your word? Philosophy helps you find it. In the collective. Very difficult. It is interesting if we observe, the schools of philosophy have always existed for that. There are several people who have the aptitude to think, to seek their own ideas, to illuminate the future with principles, with values, to seek wisdom. And these people, although all individual, they encourage each other in this profession of being themselves. And they harmonize by difference. Like the colors of a beautiful painting or the notes of a beautiful melody. They harmonize without canceling their individualities. And there one guarantees the other

his right to be. Imagine that I give you a bamboo cane and say, Break it! You easily bend on your knee and break it. And if I tie you well tied, without bamboo canes, and I make you the same request, Break it! Will you do it so easily? I don't think so. In other words, this combination of individualities that philosophy provides, makes us much more resistant to clashes of massification. It protects us from the idea of the individual, of the individual, it protects us from being massacred by this compressive roll. That we would hardly resist

alone. There is an oriental tale that I find very beautiful, which is the tale of the Lareira, which says the following. There was a man who belonged to a philosophy school, practiced there and had been growing a lot, but at some point, a demand from his wife, who wanted more of his presence at home, wanted more of his time, and he was being pressured to give up. And he decided he would go, he decided he would go, to be a thinker alone at home. And then, that one, his teacher, his master, who led him to

this school, which there are also many philosophy schools in the East, although academic philosophy does not talk much about it, that master who led him, decides to visit him. And then the young man, when he sees that his master was at the door, says, he has already come to ask me to go back to school. His master talks to him, very smiling, and he invites him to come in, and the two sit in front of the small house's fireplace. And they just keep looking at that fireplace. There was a brazier of several, several wooden torches,

which were there boiling, boiling, boiling, red. And there was one, which had been less destroyed by the fire, it was bigger than all of them, and it radiated more fire. It seemed that it was in the middle of those trees, the biggest, the one that had the most fire. It really seemed that it could be guaranteed by itself. Then the master slowly, without saying a word, he takes a piece of wood, goes near the barn, and moves away from that powerful wood, and puts it alone, away from the others, in a corner. And sits again.

That that wood, which was the biggest and most powerful, in the middle of all the woods, alone, he quickly sits down. And then he cools down and goes away, while the other ones together continue to boil. And the two watching that. And the master gets up and leaves. His lesson was given. Think a little about it. This young man understood. I brought here a very simple drawing, a inclined line, which is the basic, it is the fundamental law of life, which says that life is simply a trajectory that starts from one point, which is ignorance,

and reaches another point, which is wisdom. Ready, sum up life. Life is this. Life consists, we came here for this, in getting out of ignorance, and take at least one step, half, two steps, towards wisdom. And then you had real time, and valid life, worthy of a human being. And who is there in the middle of the way, encouraging you to go up? Philosophy. What is philosophy? It is love and wisdom. You know that. Philos but sophos. Philos but sophia. Do you know what that means? You can look for wisdom, because you are getting caught,

because you are suffering, because there is no way, or you can not even look for it, to stand still. Or you can look for wisdom, because you love it, because someone taught you that that is the most delicious thing in the world. It is the thing that has the most value, that gives you the most happiness, and all the people who surround you, in your family, in your work, in your community, in the world. That is, philosophy awakens love, and it is the most important thing, because it is the most important thing, that gives you

wisdom. If you want to know if it is necessary, ask yourself. Going to a place, because you are obliged, is it the same thing, as going to a place, because you love it tremendously, and are very motivated to go there? Could you say it's the same thing? If your answer is no, you recognize the value of philosophy. It is an timeless heritage of humanity. While there was a man, who still did not reach wisdom, he was still a philosopher. Philosophy will be an extremely useful tool. Do you want to try without it? All right. But

know that nothing will dispense you of this path, from ignorance to wisdom. This path is the Dharma of the Hindus. This path is the law of Maath, of Pithaltep, and its code. This path is the precepts of the sky of Confucius. It is not debatable, it is determined. You can't get a shortcut, or escape from it. You will have to face it anyway, because this is the necessary path of every human being. Now, if you go with people who walk with you, loving your goal, and teaching you to love, or go alone, it is your

choice. But no one dispenses you of the duty to be more human. Philosophy offers you to do it, for duty and for wanting, for duty and for love, and do it, and do it very well accompanied. It is your choice. Finally, to finish this chat, which is already going a little far, I brought two sentences for you. A platonic that I definitely love this sentence. It was stuck in the door of my closet for a long time, which was my oracle, so much that it inspires me. It says the following, the best thing we can

do for those we love, is to grow as human beings. I repeat, the best thing you can do for those you love, is to grow as human beings. Ah, I need to stay with them more. Do you need more or better? Your son would like a father full-time, absolutely rude and ignorant, or a father who is less present, but is wise, knows how to understand him, knows how to give good advice, knows how to guide him, knows how to encourage him. It's a matter of quality, it's a matter of quantity. What could you give him,

of value, that would not come from your own wisdom? An apartment? Look, in a social crisis, the first thing you lose are apartments, are goods. Who has doubts, look, for example, what happened to the upper class, in the war of Serbia, with their wonderful apartments. In the middle of a crisis, the best inheritance you can leave for him are values, are virtues, because these protect in any situation, but not the others. The others are the first to abandon us. In other words, philosophy helps you to grow as a human being, to have what to give

to others. Philosophy helps you to exercise your generosity, having something valuable to give, because good will, without having any content, it is very inefficient. I would like to help you a lot, but I have nothing. Philosophy helps you to have something valuable to give, because good will, without having any content, it is very inefficient. Philosophy helps you to have something valuable to give, but I have nothing. Philosophy gives you things that are, in fact, goods, are, in fact, values, and that can add value to people's lives in the real world. And finally, a excerpt from

a Greek poet, who I also admire too much, Pindar. He has a very synthetic phrase, but very inspiring. He says, Be who you are, knowing. Be who you are. I point you the way to this discovery, and the way to maintain this discovery, and the way to communicate this discovery to the world, so that others can have you a light at the end of the tunnel. Reflect on it. Here I speak as a person who has 31 years of philosophy, so I don't speak of theories, I speak of life. And I hope this is a

good reflection for you. Thank you.