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Cousins, today's video will be divided into four parts. We're going to talk about passive income. So, the idea is how we can build a passive income of one thousand and five hundred reais.

So, I'm going to build a spreadsheet together with you, I'm going to go to a website with indicators to help you, we're going to talk about various data. So, join me as this is going to be an immersive and very cool video for you. So, we're going to start by talking about active income versus passive income, a bit of an introduction.

Those of you who have been here longer are already tired of hearing this. And then we're going to go a little deeper. Then we'll assume an expected rate for the future.

We have to have a rate as an expectation that makes sense, that is coherent so that you don't get frustrated down the road, when you have less time to look for or go after something. Then we're going to make an actual projection, we're going to get into a spreadsheet, I'm going to build a spreadsheet with you and in a very simple way, anyone can put together a spreadsheet like this or at least you can take a look and ask questions here in the video. And then, finally, we're going to go to a website and we're going to extract a lot of data from it and I'm going to help you get inputs, capture information so that you can choose an asset that will generate you this kind of income.

First of all, then, what is the difference between active income and passive income? Active income is income that depends on your effort, depends on your hours worked, depends on you being there every day producing. If you stop producing, you don't earn any more.

That's usually our job, Monday to Friday, and if you get fired or stop working, there's no more money coming in. This is active income. Passive income is income that doesn't depend on your current effort, it depends on some effort you've already made at some point, you've created capital in some way, so generally it can be money, it can be some business you've built, it can be some agreement you've made, but generally it's something you've already done and it's going to bring in income every month.

So you can have a franchise that will generate you an income every month. Obviously, if you work on the franchise it's not passive income, but if you have other people and you're just a partner or receive some income, it is passive income. When you have a rental property, the rental property is passive income, you're not working there, using your time on a daily basis, it's generating passive income.

Investments are also passive income, they can be seen as active or passive income. Active income is when you work with it, when you monitor investments all day, your job is to monitor the market, to manage assets. When it's not, when you're a pensioner, for example, and you have money that earns you something, you have passive income.

So what's the important premise here? It's to understand that there's no magic and you'll need to have capital for that capital to generate passive income. The big questions are: how much capital do I need?

Where do I put this capital? How do I get the highest possible passive income with the lowest possible capital? So, come on, I'll create a spreadsheet together with you.

Why, you ask, are we going to create a spreadsheet together? For a simple reason, because I had created a spreadsheet here and for some reason it disappeared. And I said, I'll put it together with the cousins and the cousins can learn together with me.

So, I'm here with an Excel spreadsheet, you can do it here in Excel or you can just see the numbers, the results. So, come on, I'll take the spreadsheet here, then I'll put passive income spreadsheet. First of all, desired monthly passive income, that's what we want, isn't it?

That's what I want to find out, so that's what I don't know. What do I know? My current monthly income, I have my current savings here, that's how much I can put away in relation to my monthly income.

So you get the idea and then we build it together. And I have the result, which is my current savings in cash. Why here?

Because this is a percentage, it's how many percent I can save of my income and then I have a result in money. After that, I have my returns, the figures. So, what do I need to put in?

Income from passive income, which is the income when I've actually reached that moment when I now want to stop working or this money is generating passive income for me. And I have the income from investments until I get there. So let's build the logic here.

The logic is as follows: what is my current monthly income? For example, R$three,zero. So, this is in cash, this is in cash, this is in percentage and this is in percentage.

So here we go. How much do I save from my current income? I save, I don't know, thirty percent.

So I need to have an automatic result here. R$three,zero times thirty percent. Look how cool it is, if I say that I can save twenty percent, then I save R$ six hundred reais.

If I say that I save fifteen percent, then I save R$ four hundred and fifty reais. Since the title of the video is R$one,five hundred reais in passive income, that's what I want in monthly passive income, what do I need to understand here? I have a big goal.

What is my big goal? My big goal is how much money I need to have so that it earns me exactly what I want in passive income. So how do I do this?

Simple, I'll basically take my desired monthly income, only I'll multiply it by twelve. Why am I doing this? Because I want to know my desired annual income, so it's easier to calculate.

So I took my monthly income, multiplied it by twelve and now I'm going to do something very simple: I'm going to divide it by my income. You see that I don't have a result here, why? Because I don't have a passive income yield, which will be four percent here.

Four percent. Why four percent? Because four percent above inflation is feasible.

If you look here for inflation over the last ten years, let me put it in a separate table here, you'll find inflation of four point five percent in two thousand and twenty, four point thirty-one percent in two thousand and nineteen, three and seventy-five. So that's the inflation rate we have. If I take our fixed-income rate, which would basically be the CDI, then look, IPCA is inflation, right?

CDI is the interest rate. So, if I take, for example, the CDI of two thousand and twenty, you'll see that the real interest rate was negative, because if we had an income of two point seventy-six percent, inflation was four point fifty-two percent, so I had a negative rate of one point seventy-six percent here, okay? But if I do the same thing, look what happens.

So you can see here that if I include inflation, I have the CDI minus inflation, CDI minus inflation, CDI minus inflation. So, I arrive at an average rate, if I take the average of all the years, from two thousand thirteen to two thousand twenty at least, we'll arrive at an average of three point three percent per year. Except that this is invested in fixed income.

This is something ultra-safe, it's also very accessible to anyone, but I believe you can get a little more than that. After all, if we put real estate funds, shares and other things in the portfolio, you might be able to increase your income a little. That's why I put the passive income yield at four percent.

What's the difference between passive income and the income from your investments? It's that you build up a portfolio of investments, you earn income. When you get to the point where you want to turn this into passive income, you generally reduce the risk of your investments so that you have a little more predictability in your return.

That's why I'm going to put eight percent as the return on investments, for example. So, now that we have these assumptions, what am I going to do here? I'm going to put year one, year two, year three, year four And then I want to say the following, let's leave everything here.

I'm going to take this out, I'm going to take out how much I can save, I'm going to take it all out. I'm not going to put any information in, because it's for us to fill in later. A tip for those of you with Excel, see what you've got here.

Why is this error appearing? There's a super-secret form here, what do you do? If error, then you put here, then you put one here, here, here.

That's it, it's gone, there'll be no more problems, that's great. So, what am I going to do? Let's create the spreadsheet now so we can actually find out when I'm going to be able to reach that damn monthly income of R$.

Year one, beautiful. So, what am I going to do here? Annual investment.

I'm going to put the annual income here, I'm going to put the final amount and I'm going to put the current passive income. So, what are we going to do here in each house? Annual contribution.

The annual contribution is basically how much I can save times twelve. So, current savings, but I need to lock this cell. So, I'll take the dollar sign and I'll put the dollar sign here and the dollar sign here.

See? I've put it here, so I've locked this cell. And now I'm going to multiply that by twelve, that's how much I'm going to contribute per year.

See that it's zero, because there's no value here. How much will my annual income be? Oh, my annual income will be this, the income from the investments.

And then I want to lock this cell, so I'll put the dollar sign here and I'll put the dollar sign here, I've locked this cell. How much is the final amount, then? The final value is my contribution plus my contribution times my income.

Because if I have a thousand reais and I have a yield of ten percent, I'll have a thousand reais plus ten percent of a thousand reais, I have this value here. And the current passive income is basically me taking my passive income yield, which is a percentage, and multiplying it by my final value. In other words, if I stop working today or whatever, or even if I continue working, I already have this passive income.

So, we think that passive income is about stopping working, and it's not, that's the cool thing. Imagine, if you have a salary of, I don't know, one,five hundred reais and you have a passive income of five hundred reais, you're already supplementing your income, so that's the idea. So, what do I do here?

I'm going to put the brakes on again. Here, I've locked in the income, I've put in the number before and after and multiplied it by the final amount, okay? What happens the next year, in year two?

Simple, I'll take the final amount, which is how much I had, plus my annual contribution. What is my annual contribution? Do you remember?

My annual contribution is my current savings times R$twelve, only I'm going to lock in the number again, right? Annual income is the same thing, final value is the same thing and passive income is also the same thing. So I drag it over here.

What do I do now? I take this line, I double-click here, there's a spreadsheet built. Let's see if everything worked out, then.

R$one,five hundred is what I'm looking for. So, my current monthly income is, I don't know, R$four,zero. How much can I save?

I don't know, twenty-five percent. So I can save R$one,zero. What's the return on my passive income?

I'll put four percent. What's the return on my investments? Eight percent, for example.

So, what have I discovered here? I've discovered that, as my big goal is R$ four hundred,zero, so, I'll see, the first year I invested R$ twelve,zero, I had a return of eight percent, I'm at R$ twelve,nine hundred. There's a slight conceptual error here, because, of course, you invest monthly.

So, in the first year, you wouldn't have the entire year's income. You don't invest it all in January. You invest a little in January, a little in February, a little in March.

So, in the first year, you'll have a little problem here. But, to make it easier to understand, it will be something close to that. So, I consider it an annual income.

Year two, you already have your previous amount here, which is R$twelve,nine hundred. sixty, plus your contributions, plus the income, and that's the total amount. So, what's nice?

The cool thing is that you can see, with a spreadsheet like this, that you can have passive income that already exists. So, in the second year, you already have passive income of R$one,seven hundred. twenty-seven.

In the third year, you already have passive income of R$one,six hundred. And it escalates very quickly, because of the power of income. So, in year two, you have R$one,zero in passive income.

In year twenty, for example, you'd have R$twenty-three,zero in passive income. This visualization is in years. So, if you want to take this from here and get a sense of it in months, just copy everything and put it in monthly, then you'll get this figure.

Let's close this account here. I divide by twelve, for example. So, I take this from here, change the formula, just to pull it out of the final figure, divide it by twelve and I drag it down.

So, I can get an idea of my monthly passive income, in other words, which no longer depends on me. So, that's interesting. We've just built a spreadsheet together.

You can change the values. Wow, I want a passive income of R$one,zero. Well, that's nice.

What does that mean? It means that you reach this monthly income with these figures in the fourteenth year. If I don't want a passive income of R$two,zero, I just make more money.

I earn R$five,five hundred a month and I manage to save a little less, twenty percent. Okay, so when do I get a monthly passive income of R$two,zero? I get that passive income in year twenty, in this case.

So what do you start to see with a spreadsheet like this? You start to see that sometimes you're too far away and you need to do something to make more money. Or you see that no, it's within the plans as you projected.

That's a first step. What's the next step, then, once you've got these wonderful projections, nice things and everything? The next step is where am I going to put my money so that I have passive income?

So, I'm going to show you something else now. Fundamento is a very traditional data site. You can come here and search by company or by FII.

I'm going to click on FII. Why? Because I believe that real estate funds are one of the best ways of earning passive income.

Here, you basically have a series of properties that are rented out and you receive income from. Instead of creating any filters here, you can click on search. Then you'll have access to basically all the information on real estate funds here.

You can copy it all. Copy it all, ctrl C, come to Excel, come here to the spreadsheet, paste it all in. That's great.

Then you can create a filter up here and now we're going to make some filters. What do you need to understand? For me, and this is a personal opinion, when I invest I don't want to receive dividends from a company.

Why? In my mind, the company has to use its capital in the following way. Either by buying other businesses, or by reinvesting in its own businesses, or by buying its own shares.

There's no point in distributing dividends. It's only worth the company distributing dividends when I'm going to use the resources better than it. And that's usually when it's a company that's already very mature, something like that.

And it stops being a high-growth company or one with great growth potential and usually becomes a dividend-paying company. It's a company in the electricity sector or something like that. That's not what I'm looking for when I'm investing.

Now, if you're investing for passive income, then the game changes. So real estate funds are one of the best ways of earning passive income. So what do you need to understand?

Well, there are a lot of real estate funds here. We pulled up two hundred and forty-five different real estate fund tickers and the market is only getting bigger. What are we going to do here?

To begin with, since we want passive income, the dividend yield is the ratio of dividends to the price that the real estate fund distributes. You want a high dividend yield. So what are you going to do here?

You're going to filter. So, I want a dividend yield that's higher than four percent, for example. I want a dividend yield that's higher than four percent.

P over PV is the price over equity value. I don't want a business that is absurdly expensive either. So, I'll take something that's greater than zero point four and something that's less than one point two, for example.

Why? Imagine that the property is worth two billion reais and it's trading at one billion. That's a good deal.

Price over asset value, one billion over two billion, that's zero point five. So you want something close to that or you want it as low as possible, but be careful. So you can have a filter like this.

Market value. I don't want the little ones in this case. Why don't I want the little ones?

Because now you want a clear head, you don't want to worry about it, you want passive income. So, I've filtered it here by crescent. So I went from the smallest to the largest.

So, for example, I'm only going to do what's above R$five hundred million or R$one billion. I'm only going to do what's above one billion, five hundred million reais. So, I'm going to filter out what's over R$five hundred million, okay?

I've only filtered out what's over R$five hundred million. Then, vacancy. I don't want a business with vacancy, I don't want to worry.

Vacancy is the ratio of whether you have tenants who are paying, if you don't have tenants and the property is available. You don't want a very high vacancy rate. So I want a vacancy rate of less than, I don't know, less than thirty percent, at least, which is the same as R$ zero point three.

Liquidity, let's filter liquidity here. I don't want some that have very low liquidity, that are very little traded. So, I'm only going to put here those that have a liquidity of more than R$one million.

So, people, what have I done here? The idea is that I'm not choosing real estate for you, I'm just helping you to think from the point of view of someone who wants to create passive income. You've come up with a list of various assets here, you have thirty-three assets.

And then, well, you start to dig deeper into your reading. Wow, I think this one makes more sense, that one makes more sense. But here, you've somehow managed to build a filter so that you can say, gee, I don't want small real estate funds, I don't want real estate funds that have a negative result by the Dividend Yield filter, I don't want those that have a lot of vacancy.

And from now on, you have two options. Either you start delving deeper into analysis, you start learning, reading books in practice, reading all the prospectuses. Or you go to a research house, an analysis house that recommends real estate funds.

I think both are feasible. In one case, you cut corners, but you create dependency. In the other, you create independence and it will take you much longer to learn.

And finally here, you create a dividend filter, from the highest to the lowest. Not necessarily the highest Dividend Yield is the best, but we're looking for something with a yield of more than four percent for passive income, right? That's the number we put here.

In this case, we only filtered out what is above four percent. Since real estate funds are mostly real estate, there are a few different types here. There are some with real estate securities and so on.

But in general, you usually have real estate. Real estate prices are usually adjusted for inflation. So imagine, if you have a rent here that is four, five, six, seven percent a year, the price of the property tends to be readjusted by inflation.

So, generally, this income tends, over time, to be a real income. In other words, above inflation and not just a nominal return, okay? Guys, so I've gone through all these steps here, I hope I've helped you in some way, I hope this video is important.

And if you want to learn how to invest in real estate funds in practice, I'll leave the video here, where I invest R$ R$ R$ R$ and R$ R$ R$ R$ R$ in real estate funds. Big hug and see you in our next video.