Computing just changed forever… but there’s a catch

this is the world's largest supercomputer elcapitan with over 1 million CPU cores and 10 million GPU cores at its disposal some might call it blazingly fast but Google just unveiled a new Quantum chip named Willow that can fit in the palm of your hand and solve certain problems septian of times faster than this future dinosaur to put that in perspective a problem that takes Willow 5 minutes to compute would take elcapitan this many years that's more years than the age of the universe even if you had an elcapitan supercomputer for every grain of sand on

earth powered by a Dyson Sphere around the Sun it would still be many times slower than Willow but the Americans aren't the only ones making breakthroughs in the quantum Computing field just days ago China introduced a record-breaking 504 Cubit superconducting ship after seeing this big number people on the internet started freaking out because a computer this powerful could break unbreakable encryption algorithms and steal all those Hawk TWA tokens that you just yellowed your life savings into but that's ignorant by the end of this video you'll understand how Quantum Computing actually works and why it still

totally sucks as of today it is December 10th 2024 and you're watching the code report on one hand Quantum Computing could lead us to a Utopia that unlocks Fusion Energy artificial super intelligence and immortality with nanor robot doctors but it also poses an existential threat to humanity Computing at this speed means that unbreakable encryption algorithms are suddenly rendered worthless any hacker with a quantum computer could instantly brute force your RSA encrypted Communications on the Internet or worse yet crack your wallet seed phrase and steal all your daddy tokens and nfts but despite Google and China

making some big breakthroughs this technology is still nowhere near being useful to understand why you first need to understand how Quantum Computing works the classical computers like the one you're using right now rely on bits binary zeros and ones to process information each bit represents a single state like a light switch and you can combine them together to do complex things like stream this video around the world quantum computers also use ones and zeros but put them in something called a Quantum bit or Cubit the key difference though is that they can represent the Quantum

superposition of multiple ones and zeros at the same time like you can imagine a cubit as a box with a cat inside and when you open it there's a certain probability that the cat will be dead or alive but you don't know until you open it mathematically the equation looks like this where A and B are probabilities called amplitudes that the Cubit will collapse to a zero or one when measured and that means one cubit can represent a ton of information and compute in parallel what's really weird though is that these cubits can become entangled

where the state of one cubit is directly related to the state of another even though they're physically very far apart and that weird Behavior can be used to coordinate computations using Quantum Gates they can do things like flip a cubit and create entanglement to provide a similar purpose to logic gates and classical computers but do so by leveraging quantum mechanics magic sounds awesome but the big problem is that cubits are extremely delicate and they consistently produce errors with some cubits having higher error rates than others and that means they constantly need to deal with error

correction to keep the thing stable not to mention these chips need to be kept at temperatures near absolute zero to even work so don't don't expect an Apple quantum phone anytime soon now one thing that's special about Google's Willow chip is that it's able to find cubits with high error rates and reconfigure them on the Fly therefore reducing the overall error rate and what's especially weird is that the error corrected cubits get exponentially better as they get bigger and Willow is the first chip to ever do that another big problem with cubits is that they

need to be aroused into a state of superp position and can only maintain that state for about 20 microc in the past but on Willow they've increased it by five times up to a 100 microc that's still not a lot of time but Google's next big milestone is to build a longlived logical Cubit Willow only has 105 cubits but can still perform certain calculations like finding the prime factors in a large number much faster than classical computers algorithms like Shores have been around since the 9s to do this but we've never had the quantum Hardware

to actually run them in theory when quantum computers get to around 2,000 cubits they should be able to break widely used encryption systems like RSA using simple Brute Force techniques that would take classical computers millions or billions of years currently and what's scary is that the Chinese just released their own Quantum chip with 504 cubits that's impressive but the real thing to watch here is the error rate once the error rate gets low enough will hit that inflection point that allows quantum computers to scale up exponentially and change the world in unimaginably good and bad

ways but this timeline has been all messed up since that fateful day on May 28th 2016 and the best way to keep up as a developer is by hanging out with other developers on daily. deev the sponsor of today's video it's a completely free social platform that curates all the best of developer content on the internet and helps you connect with other like-minded people instead of scouring the bowels of Reddit for an update on your favorite JavaScript framework you can rely on daily dodev to pull all the best content from over a thousand top sources

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