Tomás de Aquino e as 4 LEIS | 2 Minutos de Filosofia

Hello everything is fine? Today is the day of our "Two Minutes of Philosophy". I am Professor Leandro Cordioli, and today I want to study the four laws for Thomas Aquinas.

Do you know what four laws Thomas Aquinas proposes? Don't forget to subscribe to the channel and activate the bell to be notified of future videos I will upload. Without further delay, let's see what the four laws are that Thomas Aquinas proposes.

Thomas Aquinas, developing the conception proposed by Saint Augustine, says that there are four laws. First, there is eternal law, which is God's ordering of the cosmos . Furthermore, according to Thomas Aquinas, there is also divine law, which is that revealed by God in the Bible.

Divine law is a law that depends on faith, that is, for it to bind a person's conscience, it is necessary for that person to believe in God and in the revelation of the New and Old Testaments. Divine law includes the law of fear, which is the law of the Old Testament, where God was seen as harsh and vengeful, and also the law of love, which is the law of the New Testament. Furthermore, we have natural law.

Natural law, for Thomas Aquinas, is the exercise of human reason to discover what is good for humans and should be sought, and what is evil and should be avoided. Therefore, natural law does not depend on faith or divine revelation, but on practical rationality. The first precept of natural law is: "Good must be done and sought, and evil avoided.

" But there are many other precepts that derive from natural law, which I have already explored in other videos. Finally, we have human law, which is nothing more than the law made by the legislator or the State, as in the case of the Brazilian State. Thus, in Thomas Aquinas, we have four types of law: the eternal law, the divine law — old and new, which depend on faith —, the natural law, which depends on rationality and not on faith, and the human law, which depends on the State.

People often confuse natural law with divine law and believe that natural law is a matter of faith, but in fact, in Aquinas, it is a matter of rationality rather than belief. These were our "Two Minutes of Philosophy". Don't forget to like the video and share with your friends to help with this work I do on natural law and the theory of justice.

Also check out the video description, as I will leave links to many other videos and materials that you can access to study the theories of natural law and natural rights. A good week. These are the votes of Professor Leandro Cordioli.