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shortly hello everyone I'd like to ask everyone to please take their seats we're going to try to begin welcome everyone it's a pleasure to have you here thank you for coming on behalf of the Brazilian Center for international relations Sab we are very excited to welcome you to this event at the Kickstart of climate week we are hosting this important discussion alongside laima the New York University and with the sponsorship of our great partner Institute Clan sociu climate and Society we're very excited to have you all here uh this panel will discuss uh strategies to

navigate to cop 29 and the road to bang next year so we will be discussing the state of play of climate negotiations for cop 29 and the critical path to success at cop 30 I'm going to introduce our panelists and as I speak your name I'll ask you to please come up to the stage first off we have our very Isabella K trusty Amer at and former minister of envirment I'd also like to call to the stage Elon World president of the interamerican Development Bank these are keynote speakers I'd also like to call to the

stage Seline kma she's the director of programs at idri very important prominent think tank that links to international relations and sustainable development in France sine please for our panelists I'd like to call to the stage Ambassador Andreu secretary for climate energy and environments at the Ministry of Foreign Relations in Brazil ABA Global director of the NDC partnership Melina deona a junk professor at the center for human rights and Global Justice here at NYU co-founder of laa and theni senior director of program coordination at the unfccc thank you everyone please take your seats oh and I'm

sorry uh also Cecilia Anda director of intergovernmental supports and Collective programs at the ubccc Sor C now to begin this debate I'll pass the word to our moderator s kma well good morning to all uh it's a pleasure to see you on a Sunday and I think the number of participants in the room is really a testimony of the importance of the discussion of today and to the quality of the lineup of speakers that that we have so let me first thank warmly the host of the event sa LMA NYU anx for organizing such a

timely event and we all know that it's a timely event because we're on the road to cup 29 first which is happening in a few weeks in Baku uh there's major events happening as well like the G20 Summit that Brazil is hosting and this is all preparing as well for the next stage the cup 30 in Brazil so without further Ado let me welcome our two keynote speakers and then we'll have uh a panel and uh and of different uh speakers and interventions but first it's my great pleasure to call on Elan goine president of

the inter American Development Bank uh who is going to share with us some of the work that the idb is doing in terms of climate Finance many of us have called 2024 the year of Finance we all know that we are currently discussing the NC qg that there's various commitments by countries to double adaptation finance and so on but how does it hit the ground what is to happen now to upscale climate finance and in particular adaptation Finance when we all see all the catastrophic events that are happening around us so for that who best

the president of the American interd Development Bank to tell us about what needs to happen what are the challenges what are the instruments that we have uh and who are the actors that need to come together to make it happen so Elan I don't know if you want to take the stage from there or if you want to come here but the floor is yours thank you I'm I'm fine here okay perfect you can see me now so thank you thank you very much good morning thank you for this introduction very kind introduction and I'm

very happy to speak at the SE uh I had the several contacts over the last few months and I really wanted to to make it here I'm also happy to see so many friends uh in the audience but also here in the panel so thank you very much to to to be honored to be here Isabel h and they all of all of you uh we all know that uh we need to act now uh climate change is already impacting our economies I can give you numbers for example a recent study by poton finds that

uh even with drastic e emission Cuts we will see an impact on GDP of almost 20% by 2050 one5 uh emerging and low income countries the ones that development Banks like ourselves care a lot will have losses of as much as 30% of GDP onethird due to the impact in the agriculture infrastructure labor productivity this is the reality given that what we can do I understand that this panel and is a lot about adaptation so we need to talk about mitigation but adaptation is here we need to we need to face it it is critical

in Latin America and the Caribbean let me give you another number since 2000 just 24 years ago the last 24 years 1,500 disasters have affected 190 million people in Latin American Caribbean and these natural disasters are becoming more frequent more intense one of the things that more most impressed me since I took office in this job the last two years was the number of disasters that the region had and we had to uh interact from fires we had in Chile last year we are now having in the in Brazil floods we had Brazil hereu but

we had other places we have droughts Uruguay and Argentina hurricanes and I can go on and on this is just the last year let me talk about Brazil the Amazon is facing the worst route on record it's cutting River communities off from supplies including food because of abro decreases in water levels we have Interruption on the River Transportation that is vital for the communities and as you know dealing with deforestation you need to deal with the communities and they are now affecting we have threads to the freshwater biodiversity there a key protein source for the

Amazon communities the number of fires in the Amazon region is up by more than 60% in the first half of 2024 compare just with last year 60% the sharpest increase in 20 years the area the area burned by wildfires this year across the Amazonia region on four countries Brazilia Bolivia Peru and Colombia it equals the size of Colorado we just having fires the size of Colorado in the US for five days s Paulo was the city with the worst air quality in the world with a level of contaminants which was 14 times the wh recommendation

so we first we extend our deepest condolences to those affected by the drought and the devastating fires in Brazil I cannot stop only with the fires just a few months ago I was in Brazil helping and offering help with the hugu Bloods was just in April because the wars ever flooding left 182 people dead and a lot of people without houses and affected we just had a mission uh with the Bank seal Brazilian government government to assess the damages 87 billion R if you want to assess just the onee impact well it is an impact

of 1.8% of GDP just 2024 so I was in Brazil the idb in response to the floods in Ru we provided humanitarian Aid that you need immediately we provided technical assistance but we also provided lines of credit for the Reconstruction and others they all were worth one 5.5 billion R of which 1.5 was more for the short-term disaster and this has been used 75% of the 1.5 is already dispersed because you need to do it relatively fast we also said that we need reconstruction that's beyond the short term and we offer another 4 billion R

so yes we have now identify of these 4 billion r that we offer 80% already in several areas for the Reconstruction but we are here to talk also about the road to BM the road BM first we have the cop 29 then we go to BM in the middle we have Cali the cop 16 and it's crucial to relate the two of them there's a Nexus between climate and nature climate affect nature that in turn affect climate back emissions are accelerating climate change this is driving B diversity loss it's easy to explain to you now

you have climate change huge drought fires it's affecting biodiversity is affecting the Amazon and affecting the Amazon you make climate change worse giv it location the cop 30 m we cannot ignore this Nexus the significance of nature and the Amazon the Amazon focus and we have worked in our Flagship program the Amazon forever program we will focus on the entire Nexus but also on its people in its forest and its bioeconomy we are heading this year the group of mdbs 12 mdbs the idb is the president relative president this year and we are now taking

concrete steps to address some of the most pressing climate crisis it includes investment climate Finance both for mitigation and adaptation we need to find more resources out of what we already have le more with the existing resources but we also need to find more resources in the syst system which includes the private sector so we do need to mobilize we are now working as a system much more than ever not any system But A system that has the countries the communities the people at the center they are demanding they are the center we are stretching

our balance sheets what does it mean so we just publish a number this year and we were able to save additional $400 billion in landing headro that was published at the beginning of the year with all the efforts we've done and on Friday just two days ago we published the climate a joint climate report where we show that climate financed reached $125 billion for the mdbs and in addition to the $125 billion which is around 25% more than the year before and the B managed to mobilize another 100 billion from private sector so we are

working uh we are looking at the emergencies but we still billions of dollars right 125 plus 100 we need more than that we need trillions so we need to do more on each side and that means that we need to support also resilience as I mentioned at the beginning the adaptation we have three programs one Caribbean Caribbean is the place for residence and adaptation we have Central America another place for quite a bit of resilience and we have a program American Center and of course our Amazon forever we are collaborating with the countries so the

fires in Brazil are not the first one as I mentioned we had in Chile and we are working with Chile on a regional program where we have mutual Reliance when something happens we are working itly warnings on fires and others with Peru eador TR Tobago and we are working with the communities on Forest management and fire preparedness has a pilot in Honduras we have now gathered a bit of experience still at the beginning but we can use it we can use it in Brazil and we can use it in other places the region has a

gap in adaptation you can calculate the numbers from 18 billion to 51 billion R dollars sorry annually that's a huge gap so what are we doing we have committed to try to reach of our climate Finance 50% in adaptation we have moved usually it was mitigation the main financing but we want to move into 50% on in adaptation how we going to do it we're going to enter more projects we're going to incentivize projects so we have programs one of the program is called idb idb clima which basically provides subsidies if the countries reach their

goals Let me Give an example Lake I pakay in Paraguay if they manage to clean the lake it will change the lives of billions of people if they do it our loan gets much cheaper 5% just deduction in the loan principle and we are offering guarantees to that swaps so you swap your debt you get some savings provided that these savings are used for resilience for nature or climate that's where our subsidies should go and we are providing some incentives for private investors who also provide more financing so in Brazil we have an Innovative program

of helping Brazil hedging the currency it's called the echo invest Brazil and we're working with them which basically says we are here to support you investor when there's a large depreciation and nobody lends to you and we also going to help you with pricing the hedging and all of this is very important because we do need investors we do need private investors in addition to the money I just gave you the numbers so let me conclude saying that adaptation is not an option it's a necessity we have seen the devastating impacts in Latin America but

also in the Caribbean floods droughts fires everything you've seen the region need to learn and we need to learn fast and we need to work together let's develop Regional programs let's rely on each other let's work on what we calling Regional impact resilience programs we need to act we need to react we need to adapt the well-being of the people in Brazil in Latin America and the world depend on this thank you very much well thank you very much Elan for this eloquent commitment to climate Finance on behalf of the idb but also the mdbs

more generally and the the strong emphasis you're putting on adaptation up to 50% of climate Ching thank you very much I understand you need to leave so please feel free and mean meanwhile uh let me actually turn towards Isabella tesera um because we're here to discuss the road to BM right so in your view Isabella what needs uh to actually happen between now and the end of 2025 including a few weeks uh in Baku to have a productive cup 30 in Brazil and we know Brazil has been put in a very particular position by uh

holding the presidency of the G20 and then the bricks and then the cops so how you know can the country capitalize on the succession uh of presidencies to show uh leadership in a very difficult geopolitical context and to um to be sure sure um that it brings together everything that is happening in the other fora including uh when it comes to the reform of the International Financial architecture to converge towards the same objective and if I may just add one question what would be for you a successful cup 30 Isabella the floor is yours from

there or here as you are thank you s uh good morning everyone thank you very much for your word and also your vision uh I'd like to thank very much Sab and L for this opportunity to have us today in the Sunday morning in New York it's crazy okay it's crazy come on and let's let's recognize this because uh tomorrow is gonna be crazy too tomorrow is Monday today Sunday okay come on but it's true I'm look at him because he look at me he remember the negotiations okay so but everyone that knows me U

you know that I like to be provocative and I don't like to discuss the past but I'd like to approach a pass on considering that uh we failed in international negotiations this is the reality let's be pragmatic okay we have different movements including Paris agreement important movements for international CI cooperation but it was not enough to address climate change the problem that we uh agree to to face and to tackle the last century in r j so why this is important to highlight here I mention two things but uh something very important to be considered

is that uh the conditions that you have today the nature condition that you have today to manage the price is absolutely different to the nature condition that you have 30 years ago or 35 35 years ago this means that we are adding complexity to the negotiation process and this means what the you share with us is that to have these numbers of disasters and the costs in the past weed to discuss the future as future hi it's nice to see you and uh and today we need to discuss the future as present because climate emergency

is happening so it's different to manage the agenda when you go to design 1.5 celsus degrees that will have in the future and we have 1.2 today as a reality happening with the extreme event the science as a political player doesn't know how to design or to dentify the magnitude of the crisis okay but and we need to understand in the country like Brazil that exposed for the extreme event considering drop and also floods what is very important to to recognize is that finally in my country people understand that it's a climate change is not

something absolutely only related to Amazon division Brazil is vulnerable to climate change and this really really very important uh for the opportunity to discuss here my second point is that I agree that we need to be proactive but we need to be contemporary if you're going to react or to act based on the past again the institutions okay that you have today are not able to to deal with the challenge that the climate crisis is imposing to us the capacities is not enough okay I'm not enough to deal with it and they need to recognize

this okay and why because when you go to this contest it's very important to understand that you have not only climate chist we have a natureal Cris nature came together and More Than This we cannot control nature and this means politically you know that you don't have only the global perspective or the Global Dimension you have a new dimension the planetary Dimension and this also means based on my experience that this planetary strategies comes together for a polyr world where the other issues absolutely interconnected to connected and we have today new Wars adding additional cries

including cries climate cries and nature cries to the Future it's impressive how the population of all the world and all the governments and the state members and the leaders they're putting additional pressure in the future consider climate emissions check the numbers what's happening today in the wars and let's see how would you like to discuss energy transition based on fossil fuels it's it's really some time I'm sorry because as a former Min I'm so free so I can use some words that Min I'm never my it's true but absolutely true we need to take the

right for to if you want to go into the planetary strategies and to make sure that the poly Cris this is a c oftion okay that show us that the C poly Cris the course the idea of how increas interconnect the world different domains such economy environment social system are intervenient in ways that make chist more difficult to B this is a n Nations concept is a fantas report that was launched last June here in New York so we have this outside climate price we have a planetary price that means that we need nature climate

nature and People based Solutions and this is something that Brazil considered our leadership in G20 when it came in BIO Economist looking forward to address and approve the high high level PR bio Economist this what it means how we connect people but when you go inside the climate world the climate uh uh Dimension you have to recognize that the negotiations today happens inside and outside on fccc or Triple C that's why G27 bricks plus all the like minor blocks they are discussing climate change and climate finance mean so we have a new new dynamics of

the of the climate negotiations and sometimes so uh fascinating in my opinion but also so complex when we go into climate diplomacy to connect the dots for example when you go20 I don't have to discuss cbdr the principle of the common responsibility responsibilities that allow that allow us in developing worlds to recognize that developed countries are responsible for 1 1.2 cels degrees and this impact they us but when to go in this blocks don't discuss this we discuss no this is not legally binding uh legally binding blocks to discuss we discuss the future the economy

the biggest econom in the world how need to manage any transition Finance etc etc and this when you go for example to Bricks plus it's very interest a powerful block bigger than G the GDP is bigger than G7 today and we have Iran it's not part of par not a member of part of Paris agreement so the complexity of the negotiation is so fascinating for me but for people don't understand this because people want solution and please people don't want to pay for this it's fascinating another the point when you go to some countries developed

countries that brings uh green protectionis international trade as a barrier of climate emergency it's a way to block climate emissions because they're not able to pay for this the cost of traceability not necessarily means the price on consumer Market markets and this is we are adding additional costs for developing countries and emerging and emerging economies so it's fascinating how we can go it's inside outside when fccc the challenges that United Nations has today to manage climate change and to make sure that climate change is a power for drivers is also part of the climate geopolitics

a new dimension of power in the world and the 30 35 years old us know and the scientists in the rooms and the diplomats of course okay today we have the political power the new political power a transition political power in the world managing climate child politics and this is part of the this really really important equation that you have today in the world when you come to discuss uh the tensions the geopolitical tension that exacerbate the vulnerabilities created by climate change so in this context I think that it's very important to uh the need

for comprehensive strategy recognized both of the global and planetarian dimensions of the crisis and this is new this absolutely new and my feelings is that when you go into Global South we know that have we have the assets you cannot go into climate transition climate solution or energy transition without for example mining or minerals natural resource and Mining security okay and not necessarily you have this into the room in a strategic perspective so it's fascinating how the movements put the countries a part of not part of of the core of the debate who should connect

this the society we have the responsibility and also private sectors of the society to support United Nations and other lik andmed political arrangements to discuss this climate tensions okay that in my opinion is not only related to access funds Technologies and set up and vision on climate mitigation adaptation I'm so tired of this I'm getting old and know next next month it's my birthday so it's true but sometimes you know it's so difficult though we have fiscal debt I know we have fysical debt let's be creative let's be proactive let be Innovative let be disruptive

if you want to change if not it's the same business as usual okay we need a climate change Casino let's have really new bats why I cannot put the money in some countries that okay you have fiscal debt but let's help these countries not to go into the Cris more in climate R and you to become a psychiatrist a good okay for financial world did you the world better what's happening today I'm mared talking Psy you understand but what I'm trying to say here is that we need to manage the nature in face the PO

we need to F manage climate change and also climate diplomacy today has a new dimension because it's very important we're not only discussing climate policies we're discussing climate politics and into negotiations you know this El because have discussed this a lot okay you don't have climate politics at something that people would like to discuss and that's why sometimes people like to say that we need to go to move forward but in shortterm perspective the trade-offs of short-term perspective we need need the postpone action it's not a call to action it's a call to postpone action

because the countries they don't have Solutions in short-term perspectives which are the count in the world that could provide solution the next five years for any energy transition tell me which ones okay you have four Solutions on the table I'm not discussing green hydrogen okay this is the future I'm based on the reality we have wind energy this is China European countries solar energy this is China absolutely let's give up okay let's give up okay biofuels Brazil United States India really strategic one and nuclear power I'm out okay but France is a lowc carbon country

based on nuclear power another different threat but this is not abing not our problem okay let's see this s which countries and when trying to discuss bofs and second Generations you have the green protectionis International train put barer and bring cascading effects on the negotiations to provoke us saying that you're not able to produce food together with energy Supply or energy bio energy based on biomass sorry it's impressive it's impressive how the guys want to use the same tools that they use in the past last century to block developing countries to go further considering International

Security or near security and also and also food security we need to stop this it's is a green how can say senis can I say this it's a green sis something like this it's true because when it come to night States and you have bofs in United States based on core and you can come together in Brazil with different GR brain you can go with Argentina India you can have an alliance with different countries that could be provider of shortterm perspective of solution cons energy Transitions and this mean that you came this will come together

with mineral transition because the debate about B is electric car for example what's happened the last winter did the cars were there absolutely Frozen so in my country the best is yeah it's like Frozen Disney you know okay in my you have bofu have ethanol and it's okay I can take the decision there transition for mobile transportation in the next 30 Years and I need to think about the with the new batteries in the future let's be more efficient and sufficient when it go to manage natural resource in this planet okay the waste of natural

resource the how people use this so in a bad way it's see it's responsible for 90% of bi loss and also 90% of water stress and we go into climate change is 56% of emissions the global emissions check the numbers of international sour span I'm the co-chair of international S I know what I'm saying here so finally so consider this contest that's so good okay yeah because it's fresh it's new we need to this is new this is not the past I can imagine my friend here as the head of negoti negotiator in Brazil and

manag all decisions in diplomacy climate diplomacy this is different 10 years ago all the geopolitical condition that weop that you had to manage Paris agreement all of them are over the world is completely different 10 years later okay and this is very important you probably don't know that you need you have President Obama together with President shinp he had an agreement in 2014 that allow us to move the peace con Paris agre in 2015 and Brazil came together bilaterally with China with United States with Germany and also Norway to help par agreement so it's very

important to go to this finally I like to mention that they asked me to discuss the real from Dubai stop and go in Baku to B and now now go is is it for real I'm not sure but let's see some news I'm not going I'm not going to say what's the agenda in C 29 because I I know that Andrea we share this because the importance of the outcomes of C9 for cop 30 okay but I'd like to remember you that uh we I'm advisor of the chair of cop 29 and took a decision

last week last Thursday that chck to will be the media platform of the cop welcome to the new world it's true I don't have to talk I have to have download okay but yes I agree I was together we start turn and another one come on what is this patri SP together what is this okay let's do it what it means they use and the new language will be into the rooms the Diplomat rooms the cop will have transparency and new level and the information that will emerge from the negotiation probably will be in a

format that you can use in Tik Tok this is new probably in Bay you have I don't know the plat of power use this that is very nice Okay chck Talk Plus okay uh why because we need to go with two problems that really important for the next two cops the first one is leadership what leadership means today nowadays this is different people believes that because you have Solutions we are become a leader it's not true you have today this fragmented information the world and also how to be an influencer a climate influencer in the

world is so complex and this is for me uh for this world the passes yesterday not 10 years ago because today the information is completely different okay so it's really something very important to rebuild trust and I think this is something very important for cop and to rebuild leadership consider the global Society leadership and this is very very interesting and finally I would like to highlight because I'm not going to this 1.5 ambition probably you mentioned the that the chair of cop 29 such as a cop A TRU in the cop 29 this is an

important concept when you go like Olympic Games have a choice okay and to try to bring the country together and also in Brazil I think that Andrea H it's very important I absolutely agree and also that the private sector must be on board but it means that we must convince our to be part of the formulation of the national strategy that Brazil wants to share with the world it's not to invite for meetings Okay is to conven to share the vision the perspectives the trade-offs and also the responsibilities and for me this means in C

30 cop 30 that you need to move from Paris plus 10 to Paris plus 20 this is for me what will happen in belay okay how we could move the pieces in the world in transition with the green protection is that I mention the nationalism because we cannot forget we have the de globalization process in the world okay and also finally to say that I do believe that Brazil will play very well in cop but we need the world play together us thank you very much well thank you very much uh Isabella um for being

as you know very provocative but putting your finger on what really matters I I don't know what was the most provocative whether the change in language from carbon Market to climate Casino or the role of Tik Tok in climate politics uh but thank you very much and I hope you know in the discussion that we having now with the wonderful um speakers that we have that we can disentangle a bit this for orchestration that you mention across fora across actus so it's with a great pleasure that now I'm going to actually welcome Cecilia Kima okay

with the director of intergovernmental support and Collective progress at the unfc and uh who's going to tell us a bit about the outcomes from C 20 8 because of course we're not um coming at the cup 29 the C 2030 from a blank sheet right the cops build on each other just by the fact that countries can't go back to their commitment so they need to build on that so how do you in the unfc Secretariat actually assess the successes and the shortcomings of what happened at the cup 28 we all know cup 28 was

about the global stock Tech we all know that the decision that came out put forward uh a mention that was much discussed about transitioning away from fossil fuels um what what is that you know and the other commitments and declaration that was um that we heard at C 29 28 how is it translating into action uh in in countries what can tell us what happened there and how it's built it's building a momentum for the the upcoming cups um thank you very much uh moderator um yes I I I come into this discussion immediately after

Isabella has provoke you know has really tried to challenge uh the current climate diplomacy process my role at the unfccc is really to support the presidency including now the cop 30 presidency um to ensure that the process remains integral uh that it's inclusive it's transparent and that all parties 198 parties uh to the Paris agreement and those to the convention uh continue to build consensus around key issues what's really fascinating uh in this process is that it's become uh cumulatively uh around key uh not just process related issues but the linkages to the socioeconomic development

Equity inclusion issues have become increasingly important at the back backdrop of global geopolitical tensions as she's mentioned and therefore every year as one cops end and as we start preparing for the next cop uh we are faced by this background we are also faced by the background of uh of the climate science and those that believe in the climate science and want to use it uh in terms of making their final decisions and those that are skeptical about science so beyond geopolitics is the science but it's of course it's increased iniquities it's increased uh poverty

it's increased vulnerability etc etc and so can imagine on a daily basis working with the presidencies what that means what what is also becoming increasingly important and this was at cop 28 which has been said to have been a very significant cop in many frauds it attracted over 880,000 participants um it we had 100 over 160 agenda items uh to consider we had over 30 mandated events uh to organize and side by side a huge act global climate action agenda not only delivered through declarations um and all kinds of pledges by the presidency but also

the global climate action of private sector of Civil Society all indigenous people all gathering in Dubai to deliver what was one of the most historical cops and I think I'll just want to dwell a little bit on that because you have heard about the the conclusion of the global stock take you've heard about the UAE consensus but what matters is really what goes behind the scenes and the fact that we exceeded by one day the closing of the cup because parties could not reach consensus the unfccc process is a consensus based process and it requires

that all parties be in agreement we had to go overnight the last night and only close the cop one day after but with a huge Jubilation um Etc because there was a delivery of of a of a huge outcome but more importantly there was also a process change in the fact that because the we knew that it was going to be a very very difficult negotiation over two two two weeks the president of cop 28 asked us as a Secretariat to assist them things through of what the critical moments could be and what they could

do to send a signal to the worlds that there was commitment in terms of learing a strong outcome and the loss and damage fund uh decision was selected as one which had been negotiated for those of you who know over 15 20 years of negotiations for the loss and damage funding arrangements and therefore there was a disc decision by the presidency to go uh the decision on loss and damage as a way to signal that there was commitment by parties to reach some consensus and that's the nature of our process but let me very quickly

go quickly to the outcome of cop 28 as I said the the the process towards cop 28 because of this broad nature and you've talked about the importance of the outside processes the G20 the G7 the bricks plus Etc all these processes are impacting and we are finding as a Secretariat that it's important for us to not only monitor what's going on outside but to increasingly bring what's going on outside and to some extent work with the presidency to influence the messaging and the key outcomes of those outside processes to impact on the inside processes

and that's important and therefore for me the the multilateral climate diplomacy framework is changing it's shifting it is slow but it is Shifting towards what you are describing Sabella the conclusion of the first Global stock not only provided to us a reality check when we started the process with the cop 28 presidency in UAE we knew what the result would be we knew that we the world was not where it was supposed to be we knew that there was progress but it was slow in all areas mitigation adaptation means of implementation we knew that the

gaps were there however I think for the most critical thing was to try and find whether we could leave the UAE with a road map that mapped out the critical steps that were required by everyone across all sectors to Lear us to where we want to be in order to ask to achieve the ambition of the 1.5 degre Centigrade the key outcomes which was basically the transitioning you know the UAE consensus are highlighting the need to transition away from for we Fuel and the agreement for a call for a just orderly and equit transition away

from fossil fuel particularly in the energy sector was crucial and there was of course a me celebration but there were questions how will this really happen where will it happen who will make it happen and I think that fundamentally continues to be the key areas of work towards cop 30 the tripling of renewable energy and everybody started saying is it at the national level will we be developing plans and supporting countries to develop plants you know to Triple their renewable energy contribution it is a global agenda it is not a single country agenda but a

global agenda and that is very fundamental and the ding of Energy Efficiency it is a global responsibility across again all sectors whether it's agriculture transport uh water Etc halting deforestation you know and we will be going to cop 29 in BM right in the midst of the Amazon forest I come from Africa and we're seeing the same thing happening to the depletion uh of the Congo Basin the Congo forest and I think there is importance of that interaction and therefore also talking about what uh the first Speaker spoke about the the trio the trio amongst

the three conventions the discussion becomes very crucial and we are seeing an emergence of what we are calling the r Trio emerging and this will actually be launched this week here at in the sidelines of the UN General Assembly so what is important is that it's clear that climate action is required in all areas mitigation adaptation and means of implementation and loss and damage with the with the operation operation alization of the fund now and of course having a robust outcome out of cop 28 on the just Transitions and again it's about integrity it's about

putting human rights at the center of it it's about equity and Justice and this is very crucial for our process but significant for us is of course the establishment of the troa and the troa is an is a collaboration between the three cop presidency the cop 28 the cop 29 and the cop 30 presidency and we find this really a unique way of this joint delivery looking back but also looking forward where are we coming from and where are we going and where are we at present and for me when I sit in the triker

meetings Andre is always there just listening to the three presidencies collaborating and working together they have some difficult conversations but they also have some great vision in terms of how the leadership can contribute to this process and I believe that cop 30 marked a significance in terms of developing that level of leadership uh my colleague um Daniel we'll be talking a little bit more on the substantive outcomes uh you know as I dwell more on the on the political as well as the leadership and Arrangement and the importance of transparency and integrity of our process

so I'd really like to go forward I'll not talk anything about the ndc's I'll leave that to to Danel and talk about the vision from cop 28 and what that means and what kind of key messages we are looking around for we do have a great deal of work and it's not just about collaboration but it's about keeping the public keeping societies hopeful and not just hopeful but ensuring that they vulnerabilities uh that their aspirations are addressed in terms of addressing the climate crisis and this must happen both inside the process and our process indeed

requires reforms but also must we must embrace what's happening outside the reality is that unless we change the course and adopt policies that can help mitigate uh the rise in temperatures the world will continue to see far much more lives lost and far much more damage done so the UAE consensus has laid a foundation it has laid a road map for ramping up climate ambition and climate action the Paris agreement we said not just a 10-year framework looking at it for for a 2030 year framework needs to be put into full effect what can the

ndc's do collectively to achieve that as a Secretariat we look forward to supporting the cop 30 presidency on the road to Bellum and I believe that we they have a good feature just listening to you and seeing how you're looking at this more more transformative approach I believe that we do have some hope as we work you with you towards cop 30 thank you very much yeah well thank you very much Cecilia for laying out what uh the cup 28 did establishing a good grounds with the global stock T and the decision for more ambitious

on more ambition on on climate uh but now as we go towards cup 29 in a few weeks um we know that cups are very subtle processes where pieces of the puzzle need to come together um and so what can you tell us Danielle EET he was um director of program coordination at the un uh F Tri C what can you tell us of um what is happening now in the runup to up 29 what are the challenges the opportunities that you see as the Secretariat and as the global Community move uh towards cup 29

the floor is yours please thank you thank you and good morning and thanks for inviting us to be here with you on this great panel and yeah I'll be happy to share a few reflection on the expectations for C 29 the challenges and opportunities um it's actually 50 days uh from now the beginning of the cop it's it's happening very soon and uh um the workload that uh governments have in front of them for cop 29 is quite impressive um and and we will talk about that but it's also the fact that let me start

by uh not only looking at the challenges but also the opportunities and the first one comes from actually just last Friday uh the third meeting of the loss and damage fund board concluded in Baku of by the cop 29 incoming presidency and actually delivered delivered all that was required in terms of uh the uh Milestone and steps to operationalize the loss and damage fund so the the main uh point where the the documents arrangement with the World Bank as a host of the fund and this was you know uh accepted and welcome and worked out

by the board what does it mean that we can can already go to cop 29 with something positive uh um achieved which is the operationalization of of uh the fund is actually happening they they can now receive the pledges uh that were made starting from cop 28 in in Dubai and started dispersement comes uh next year so this is is an important Milestone I think that vots well for for moving in a in an environment that we know is very challenging and difficult and why is important to link cop 28 to cop 30 um because

there is this cycle of these three cop which are very strongly Interlink and we see that uh cup 28 as as was mentioned as Cil that was the moment in which uh we took stock of where we were uh launched a process for putting out on track uh which will culminate a cup 29 with important decision particularly on support CL Finance being at the center of sport and then in cop 30 in BM is I would say the moment of truth is the moment in which uh all parties to the Paris agreement they have to

uh have submitted their the new ndcs the national ger contribution indicating how this big transition plans are taking us on um on the way to meet the goals of the Paris agreement which we know we are not on track now we know that the science is telling us now this is the moment of raising the ambition and in submitting these new plans by early 2025 so that at the moment comes uh say September late September when we will do our uh annual analysis of the NDC sees uh our report that goes to the cop we

can actually see H that those plans submitted by them are putting us on track so that's that's the link between cop 28 and cop 30 uh as I said the Moment of Truth Now focusing on cop 29 yeah everybody's referring at the critical decision on the new Collective Quantified goal on finance very Comp N cqg every complex acronym but it's fundamentally the new goal replacing the 100 billion a year that was established years back um and that will be the contribution uh that uh will allow the process to receive the support in implementing their their

commitments um of course these are very complex and sensitive negotiations um in the remaining 50 days a lot will happen in terms of Poli itical engagement um the work of the group that was looking at it is is finishing with the final report of the co-chairs of this group by mid October and it's clear that the technical work has reached more or less the maximum of that they can achieve and the remaining open questions are those political questions that needs to be addressed at the political level so um we still have a few important Milestones

including I mean minial work in beginning of October in aan on NCG the preop which is an important ministerial uh Gathering again in aeran and and we they you know the work will be there at the moment and hopefully we will not uh complete this at the last minute um on the last day of the C because this is clearly one of those issues that um it's typical for being the very complex and Final want to get addressed but then um it's not only that it's not only finance it's not only uh the the new

goal it's the overall package of support is technology transfer is capacity building is means of implementation uh asking for more ambition requires in many case more support and that's you know the the big complex issues that needs to be addressed um but cop 29 will also have uh an important reflection looking at the process in terms of transparency so is the time where the first banial transparency reports uh so the first submissions of reports from every country under the Paris agreement is due uh by the end of the year uh we do hope that there

will be many uh submitted by the time of cop 29 and so we can see already that the pillar of the transparency pillar of the Paris agreement and the regime is working and see what you know has been done uh by by those countries and then you know we do hope that if not all of them are coming many many will be there by the end of the year as as requested um then there will be important conversations so we talk about loss and damage we talk about transparency we talk about climate Finance um adaptation

will be on the agenda particular will be on the agenda for the further work on the global goal on adaptation looking at again targets and and finalization of various element that are there but also the review of the national adaptation plans uh guidelines and and these again uh if you look at ndc's we look at an naps National adaptation plans long-term strategy these are the the three uh fundamental uh plans that countries have under the process to to indicate both their needs and also their actions to meet the goals um and lastly um of course

I want to mention the ndcs after me other will will talk it more in detail as well but ndcs they got the guidance clearly guidance from cop 28 and the global to take this time the climate plans have to be a wall of economy uh development plans they have to be also uh presented in a way that can be seen as investment plans was was mentioned how to invest in those countries to help them to achieve but also domestic Investments and this are it's a huge opportunity for CES this is the time also because you

know these plans they go up to 2035 so if you want to match the science and where we're going to be in 2035 if we don't get it right now um I think the window of opportunity is really closed I have to say and and and therefore the the the important pressure that should be there and and the incentive to all governments U to to be ambitious in this case and and and then going to the Brazilian incoming presidency of course the important role as as G20 now and brick plus and this is the political

engagement that is need needed really to put this political pressure on countries to come forward um I think it's it's clear our process is not perfect it has many uh problems but it's the one we got and it's it's you know many people are not happy with the pace that is delivering but it is delivering it's it's um particularly in very difficult geopolitical context now um it it's really important that we invest in this mul multilateral process which can deliver uh the change and the change in economies the transition to the low emission uh resilient

uh world we all need so um I'll stop here I think in terms of what has to be achieved at cup 29 but again that is a Continuum and will continue until cup 13 BM and of course thank you very much well thank you very much Danielle I think it was very important to remind that uh Finance is is is core to this year's discussions and to the upcoming cop 29 but it's not the only topic for discussion it's not the only subject that will be discussed and the global goal and adaptation is one example

that shouldn't be um undeen under discussed because of the this very strong focus on on uh Finance as well and you mentioned countries had a lot of work to do with the ndcs the Naps adaptation plans they also had to do their nbps on biodiversity so it was really a year where where countries have to go back to the drawing board and to reflect on these different plans and hopefully to tie them together to a long-term strategy maybe to finalize this discussion around cup 29 before we move to the much um anticipated discussion on on

cop 30 let me give the FL to Melina who is Professor at the center for human rights and Global Justice Melina tell us U what are the priorities and the expectations according to you for cup 29 thank you sure thank you so much um I am a lawyer and I'm a climate change lawyer and human rights lawyer so I'll be offering a bit perhaps of a different perspective um I'll also tell myself because lawyers can talk a lot um okay so I wanted to First emphasize that despite country's existing climate commitments and the past cops

we have seen uh CO2 emissions from burning fossil fuels hit a record high last year it was also the hottest year on record so we'll put that as context um in addition with only about 25 years left to hit the 2050 Net Zero Targets this cop will be key for countries to intensify their climate commitments um as has been mentioned we're walking into cup 29 uh well informed due to the conclusion of the first ever Global stock take right which we have talked about this I think has really set the scene uh to evaluate the

implementation of the Paris agreement and climate commitments more generally but also provided some momentum hopefully to rethink existing and take on new targets and initiative so it's really time for reflection with the information that we have but also time to make a push um if you follow the official cop website and all the documents are put out you'll see that the official priorities for cop have been already published it's a really long and somewhat technical list um we can query whether having so many focuses is actually good for negotiations or not but some of the

priorities that I will mention and this will Echo some of the things that were said today um are some of the priorities that have been talked about for example in the bond preparation meetings and some that I think will likely spill over from cop 29 to cop 30 because of the nature of the cops so as has been mentioned um and Daniel touched upon this one of the most important priorities is finance right and this is really no secret cop 29 has actually been dubbed the finance cop due to its emphasis on finance negotiations within

this context I think there's two important um conversations that will take place and that is of the new Collective Quantified goal the NC qg which has been mentioned and the loss and damage fund so while on the one hand the ncq G62 fill build persistent gaps in climate Finance the laws and damage fund helps vulnerable countries deal with the impacts right of climate change that go beyond what people can ad upt to themselves so although they are in bit of different stages in terms of negotiations I think that the key questions the focal questions for

both of these funds remain similar in cop 29 and probably in cop 30 so the what needs to be addressed and the what has to do with the scope of the funds so for example how will mitigation adaptation and loss and damage interact with these funds will they overlap but also has to do with the quality of the finance will there be accessibility predictability related to this Finance The Who so who will pay for these uh funds remains a key question which states is a key question but also what is the role of the private

sector which has been mentioned how much will countries and potential corporations pay what are the time frames for the funds are these long medium or shortterm funds and of course as always there are questions of implementation transparency monitoring and accountability so at cop 29 negotiators will need to at least try to answer all these unsexy questions about operationalizing the funds I think an important point on finance before closing is that um quite a bit of help is needed for the unfc process from outside Financial sources okay moving on to Priority number two adaptation and resilience

which has been mentioned um as mentioned cop 28 uh brought to us the global goal and adaptation which has now been since been renamed but what he has done is created thematic targets that highlight forward-looking Global priorities on adaptation it has so far encouraged continued conversations in subsequent meetings like in bond including for example the use of Science and adaptation and I think it's important to note that this should not be taken for granted this has been a milestone for climate adaptation given that similarly to loss and damage adaptation is often overshadowed by mitigation however

much needs to happen in cup 29 before the goal and adaptation can actually be called something close to concrete examples of things to be discussed are an increase of adaptation resources which is a crucial element to close adaptation Finance Gap this includes adequate Finance capacity building and Technology transfer also ensuring that Global goal provides a clear Direction on how adaptation progress will be actually be measured and lastly some topics that are relevant for this discussion again is how something like adaptation will overlap with Finance for loss and damage ideally they should be separated so as

to prevent double counting another important point which Daniel mentioned is uh in regards to adaptation is that the UN has been urging and is urging parties to develop and submit National adaptation plans or Nets by the end of 2025 and hopefully we'll see some progress on them by 2030 so so far only about 60 developing countries have subed NPS so cul 29 will need to discuss the obstacles that countries face in producing Nets similarly to undc right and this can be due to a lack of capacity data gaps long and ardous processes to access Finance

for nap Readiness however as with mdcs another key ingredient will be political will another thing that will be relevant um to naps is the content of The NPS so are they for example prioritizing the most vulnerable populations Capac capity building and risk management are they including a consultation process with communities and Civil Society affected by extreme event are they incorporating an ecosystem based adaptation Solutions as well as nature based Solutions um and they for example including solutions that protect biodiversity uh that is most vulnerable to climate extremes I think as a closing point for adaptation

of resilience um it's important that these processes so FS naps and as ndc's are developed and flushed out it's important that they are consistent and harmonious with one another right and complement one another okay off to a third priority so now we'll talk about momentum for stronger NDC um as you all know countries agreed under the Paris agreement to submit stronger progressively increasing in ambition ndc's every five years the next round of ndc's is due just just a few months after cop 29 so the coming year will be the litmus test for the Paris agreement

and the core mechanism for preventing dangerous climate change the NDC so far so of course um as every panelist I think here mentioned um we have had the global stock tap and so what's key for ndc's in cop 29 is that ndc's respond and adapt to the information received from the global stock take so for example it goes without say that ndcs should be aligned with 1.5 of course but we also see a push for other important things to happen within the Seas Sicilia went through them but these involve for example transitioning away from fossil

fuels all the way down to implementing recommendations on Forest and nature protection particularly relevant to Brazil and deforestation so also developing developed countries sorry should indicate provision of Finance independence of what must be delivered in other processes right okay moving on to a fourth priority carbon markets so in recent years car carbon markets have been all over the media they have become a flash point in international climate policy largely because of their mixed results while cover markets may have some potential this will only happen if they're actually regulated under an appropriate International framework the absence

of robust rules to ensure Integrity will and has already created loopholes that undermine ambition and can actually be counterproductive article six of the Paris agreement created the principles for C markets um and ways that countries cooperate to reach those climate targets now while the rules were agreed in cop 26 negotiation has been needed to establish the necessary guidance to operationalize this and so that's something that we'll likely seem come um Fifth and this is a bit of my take so take this with a grain of salt but a fifth priority and here I am grouping

a number of large conceptual and complicated areas but I think is biodiversity oceans food and cities very different topics but I think the takeaway with these issues more or less is the same I believe that the connection between biodiversity oceans food and urban settings and climate must be explicitly made and integrated into the UNF Tri C framework another uh important priority is public participation so I think it's important to not as an attorney um I think it's important to not oversee this so there's a lot of talk of climate Justice lately and I think it's

really important to tie climate Justice to democratic participation especially of vulnerable communities of key importance of course are indigenous peoples and local communities and they have quite a bit to say about climate change nature conservation and biodiversity laws so going back to my per point of tying all these things together um I also think it's important to say that their needs and the needs of people in general especially part particularly vulnerable populations need to be recognized through a rights based approach not just a people- centered approach a rights based approach ideally rights based uh would

entail rights for people but also for nature and lastly and this is putting my sort of professorial and practitioner Journey had on I think it's important to mention from perhaps a social legal perspective that because the Paris agreement is by design a bottom up agreement lawsuits in this area have played a large role to ensure that the commitments made by governments but also increasingly by corporations actually move forward so if States and incre corporations don't move forward on these issues on cup 29 voluntarily we are likely to continue to see litigation directed at them right

um so I think that's just interesting to to have that in mind and understand how litigation and negotiations actually complement each other um and last but not least I believe that the cop and this was something mentioned by Cecilia should not only be seen as an opportunity to make progress within the UNF Tri C framework but also from a perhaps sociopolitical perspective um an opportunity to capitalize on momentum on climate causes outside the structure so in our work here at NYU something that we for example do is capitalize on the momentum and the people that

are brought together by cop to one train Supreme Court Justices on climate science but two also ensure that the fabric of civil society that really underpins the progress of cops remains strong so thank you very much thank you very much Manina I think it's very important to lay out these priorities very clearly as you did and the processes because sometimes those Cs and processes can be a bit confusing but also because what something that came out of which we're um discussing but also very strongly from Isabella's um intervention is that necessary link with biodiversity and

nature-based solution and here of course it leads me directly to cup 30 and the huge expectations on the shoulders of Brazil in on many forms including on maybe you know bringing together what traditionally because of the processes the conventions and so on are being dealt separately biodiversity and and climate so let me turn now to you Ambassador um you heard the many challenges and the expectations that the other panelists have led out in relation to the upcoming uh cups and on the road to Bam so can what does it look like for you from the

perspective of of Brazil um how does it um as you prepare for cup 30 what is the significance of this event for Brazil but more broadly as well for Latin Latin America and what can you tell us of your ambition for for cup 30 um which is which coincides with the 10 years of the Paris agreement as well Ambassador the floor is yours thank you very much and um thank you for inviting me here um it's very exciting to be in this panel we already heard very uh interesting and uh informed um uh opinions and

information about what to expect at cop 29 uh and now you want me to go to C 30 but I'm going to go a little more slowly uh and uh so some of you know that I've been in this uh process for some years and uh as Isabel unfortunately is right we have failed a lot so I'm a constant failure so maybe I have uh an opportunity now to to to compensate for that but the fact is that the the the big news for those who have been for a long time in this process I

think is the importance of recognizing the urgency we are living urgency changes everything urgency changes uh what we have to do in mitigation adaptation loss and damage means of implementation urgency uh is very clear not only by uh the many things that are happening and I think that elen gave a very uh impressive list but also urgency comes from much better science that we have today and we uh and the Brazilian government believes very much in science and we want to be guided very much by science when we think uh of uh the cop 29

obviously and cop 30 but this urgency has been absorbed in a disorderly way in the negotiations and in the different partners uh and I think we have to Str strengthen start with strengthening uh the the urgency um because we have to act now as Elan also said but most of all we don't have very much time and there I want to stress what Isabella mentioned the the incoherence that we see very often between the countries that urge all countries have to do things as quickly as possible but they cannot do this they cannot do that

they cannot do that and they cannot do that so it's a bit difficult and even more difficult if you don't have the financial resources to do uh everything uh you want to do so you depend on others so some countries can go in some directions because they can afford to go in some directions may work it may not work uh but they can afford to do it uh in the of Brazil we need uh um foreign resources uh and so we have to be very convincing to be able to go ahead with what we believe

is needed since we believe in the urgencies since we believe in the process and since we believe we have to fight climate change because of people and uh because of all the disasters that we have been surrounded with so now the Brazilian government is living this very special moment in which we are presiding the G20 we're going to preside bricks plus next year we're going to preside cup 30 and we're trying to have um coherence uh not only message but action in all of these and I think it's a very interesting although difficult exercise uh

and uh I have to tell you that one of the things that is more and more clear year uh is that uh we have because of urgency to work Beyond unfccc we have to do more than what is determined by the unfccc because the unfccc uh has enormous qualities and I think that we are all here discussing climate change at the level that we can discuss thanks to the fact that the unfccc was created in uh 92 uh and uh unfccc there is no doubt has forced countries to understand themselves to know what they could

do to know what they were doing to know what is their condition so I I think that we have to recognize that without the nfcc climate we wouldn't be as ready although we know we are not enough but we wouldn't be as ready as we are now if it was not for this process so this process is essential the Paris agreement is something that can we can debate for hour hour but the truth is that it gave a new life to the unfccc and it allowed us to because we need from time to time to

have an injection of optimism and an injection of yes yes yes this processes can deliver so I think it was extremely important and uh I think the provocation of Isabella of Paris plus 20 what expects what to expect after Bim is also very important point but but we we have to uh we are seeing in the G20 a very interesting experience is that we we put together in one um uh group that we are calling uh task force for climate in this task force we put together the two tracks of the G20 out of the

G20 as you know the G20 started only as Finance ministers that because of 2008 crisis then uh politics became stronger the the finance Ministries maybe didn't like it so much but the fact is that's life so we have two tracks so we decided that to discuss climate we had to have the two tracks together because we had like a discussion of climate in the Shera track and the discussion of climate in the finance tracks and everybody only talks about themselves and nobody provokes anybody because as you know central banks are very active in the G20

a central Banker from from a developing country in in the G20 speaks the same language as the central Banker of the developed country and not the same language as the Ministry of Finance of the ministry of environment of the developed or the developing countries so we decided to put the the two tracks together to see the result and it's really quite interesting because everybody's dividers uh yeah so but but it's interesting it's interesting and we even believe we can have some results which is quite something to uh and uh but why why trying to put

them together because uh as um El said we need private Investments there is no doubt about but private Investments under the N fccc is very complicated to discuss and it doesn't go ahead so let's talk about it outside your n fccc and in the G20 that's what we're trying to achieve so when we have a discussion that was mentioned here everything uh by the way I agree with on the NC qg on this um the Finance under the unfccc that will substitute the 100 billion a year that was supposed to have been given from 2020

to 25 uh when we talk about the NC qg we know that whatever amount we get inside unfccc it's not going to be enough all the international organizations are pointing that we need trillions and in under the N fccc we're talking about hundreds of billions at best so but we need the hundreds of billions under the N fccc for the most fragile countries for the most vulnerable countries and for so many things uh and I have to say that I totally agree with Molina when there is like a a confusion between the the financial resources

that they they are put in everywhere so suddenly 10 becomes 30 because they are mentioned in three processes so I think this has progressed and this needs to progress much more again because of urgency we need investments in countries like India Indonesia Brazil that are countries that are extremely attractive for investment but at the same time they pay a very high price for Capital so this uh discussion I think is one of the most important discussion because this can raise much more money than the hundreds of billions that were we're talking under the N fccc

so we have to talk about the two we have definitely to talk about the two and I think and I hope that uh in the G20 we will at least Advance this discussion and makes this make this discussion more clear for people to to to to understand and the last thing I want to to mention because I think that it was a really very rich discussion and the information was absolutely clear and perfect uh is that Brazil is also conscious that by organizing a cop and by organizing a cup in the Amazon uh uh obviously

Forest is a big issue and as you know for Brazil we have we have one of the strangest emissions profiles uh because when the Lula government now started last year it was 50% of our emissions were from deforestation and this is definitely not um an average model for G20 countries um but so the fight against deforestation has been highly successful I think that we are advancing in spite of those Dreadful fires and the and the drought and everything that is such bad news but uh anyway the world expects Brazil to bring something about forests uh

and um and we are trying to bring together the developing countries that have tropical forests that are almost 70 uh around uh the a declaration that started in Bim last year when the amazonic leaders got together in Bim it's called United by our forest and the idea is to truly discuss openly what are the real opportunities that exist uh for Forest countries to fight deforestation to uh make sure that they can have efficient restoration uh conservation of forest all these dimensions of forest that many people mix but in fact are very delicately and sometimes very

clearly different uh but I think that there is a a confusion about everything that can be done about the resources that are available where can markets and where markets cannot enter and uh and we believe that we can have a very interesting result by uh this discussion under the United Fire Forest so um be sure that Brazil is very attentive already uh this year on making sure that forests uh will be seen I hope at cop 30 as one of the great solutions for climate change and not as one of the Great problems of climate

change but anyway thank you very very much for the invitation well thank you very much Ambassador and for the clear um focus that you're putting on for us but also very interesting uh mention of the G20 on the run up to cup 30 as maybe an incubator of breaking silos between the Ministers of finance and Ministers of Foreign Affairs but also Ministers of climate through the task force on combating uh climate change um hopefully South Africa will continue this effort to break the silos um but now I I would like maybe to address another element

that we've already touched upon of the road to BM which is those famous Andes um National determined contributions and we are very uh lucky have with us Pablo B the global director of the NDC partnership and we know everybody in the climate Community is actually has their eyes turned towards what uh countries are doing with the next round of NES how ambicious uh they will be um so I wanted to ask you B how is it going from your perspective what can you tell us of the current Dynamics in a year that we all know

was very rich in terms of elections 60% of the world population going to vote but in the end a lot of continuity in leadership pending the major election coming out in this country um so a bit more than a year before cup 30 how can uh the global climate ambition and action be enounced through this uh and thises what countries really need in the run up to BM and what are you doing in the NDC partnership to support them PAB the Flor is yours thank you very much and good morning everyone maybe already good afternoon

almost um thank you for the invitation um the NC partnership is a global Coalition that brings together more than two 230 members including developed and developing countries and international institutions to support uh the implementation and development of ndcs and drive uh sustainable development and uh Ambassador one of the things that you were mentioning in terms of the leadership of Brazil um and everything that you're taking up you're also going to be the chair of the NC partnership next year and the year after so thank you for that um what I want to do here is

maybe take the the insights and the experience that the NC partnership has had over the last um almost 80 years in supporting countries uh more than 100 developing countries ater climate commitments um to try to frame a little bit what the reality is on the ground and the how countries are seeing and are advancing their ndcs um I think a critical element here is is to understand that ambition and action reflected in ndcs and their effective implementation are int intrinsically connected uh the days when countries were enhancing their NS on the one hand and doing

it independently of how effectively they were implementing their current commitments are over and country are seeing the need to uh drive one with the other on the one hand enhancing ndcs if you're doing it right is very intensive in terms of time in terms of resources and political capital and it generates high expectations not only about the eventual climate um uh benefits but also social and economic benefits for developing countries um and this is underpinned by successful mobilization of Finance um so when increased ambition doesn't deliver it becomes very very difficult to find resources and

to find the willingness to further increase ambition um and what we see is that countries struggle not only to find that ambition and that willingness but also are overwhelmed with the multiple parallel processes and we've discussed some of those they need to put together naps ptrs uh just under the Paris agreement long-term strategies but also MB subs and they need to deliver the sdgs when all of it is the same all of it need needs to be connected but they many times do it in parallel limiting their capacity to find those synergies and to drive

sustainable development more than specific agendas um on the other hand of course when you successfully Implement your ndcs and align with nature with sustainable development what you see is that maybe you meet your expectations or even surpass them and then there is always appetite to do more to further increase ambition there's always um an appetite to to move forward independently of your obligations under the Paris agreement independently of what's happening in the negotiations because it makes sense so to truly activate The Virtuous cycle that was embedded into the Paris agreement countries need to successfully Implement

their ndcs and the social economic and environmental gains will become the main driver of ambition which is what we want at the end of the day the problem we have now is that countries are struggling to implement their commitments for different reasons but Finance is definitely on the top of the list and this is jeopardizing ambition also and it's jeopardizing to a certain extent the road to BM which is critical and even though there are no doubt and we've seen this and discussed this today big part of the problem lies on limited available International Public

Finance difficulties and delays in accessing existing funds for example the debt that countries are facing and the still insignificant engagement of the private sector especially in developing countries the reality is that also most developing countries don't have in place the necessary capacity the tools the policies the laws the investment opportunities in terms of project pipelines for example the Der risking or bend or blending mechanisms to absorb or to mobilize enough public and private Finance to success Implement their ndcs so even if you put money on the table of countries and we've seen some experiences in

the jet pce they are not ready to not take that money and move forward with implementation so we basically have a big problem both on the side of the finance providers and the developing countries I think that the good news here is that with willingness with commitment with support we can solve problem in both sides but even if the finance Prov ERS don't have that willingness and commitment at this point especially to engage with developing countries I think that we can support developing countries to advance their Readiness for transformational climate action that will then Force

the hand of the finance providers simply because developing countries will no longer be seen and this is what happens in some cases as begging for money for finance but they will be seen as an attractive source of investment so we need to flip the way that developing countries are doing things and the way that they're perceived by investors if we want to move forward to deliver this necessary Readiness we need to collectively provide significant support to developing countries and we need to do it as fast as we can but to for this to be effective

it needs to be a country-driven process and many times we think that country-driven processes are simply give the country what they're asking for but no there's a lot of responsibility that countries need to bring to the table they need to bring ownership at the highest level of government they need to produce ambitious ndcs and in general goals to advance their their climate and and environment commitments they need to have a hall of government Hall of society approach they need to bring the Ministers of Finance on board the Ministers of plan and the sector the sectorial

Ministries they need the right enabling environments in terms of the policy Frameworks the legal Frameworks they need to link climate nature and development and they need to allocate their own budgets to action in other words countries developing countries have to demonstrate clear skin in the game to be successful and that is the greatest starting point to advance and accelerate action so building on the willingness and commitment of this governments that are ready to drive strong climate action then coordinated support by the International Community will allow countries to establish a strong Foundation to uh attract and

mobilize significant public and private financing and this is what the NC partnership is all about over the last seven years we have supported more than a 100 countries and support has been mobilized by more than 210 Partners in a coordinated matter through country-driven processes but the reality is that even though that looks like success we need to do a lot more and we need to do it do a lot better in terms of doing it together because we're still not doing well in terms of bringing together all the relevant stakeholders that need to contribute this

brings me to the final point that I want to make which is more specifically on the ndcs and specifically the NCS 3.0 which are the ones to be delivered by next year the development and submission of these ndcs should not be seen as a burden but as an opportunity for developing countries to send a strong and clear message to National and International stakehold holders to donors and financiers and to the private sector andc 3.0 are a key enabler of for countries to be able to accelerate implementation and effectively mobilize Finance but they need to be

high quality they need to be developed through inclusive processes that bring all relevant stakeholders to the table they need to be realistic ambitious and investable all this sounds very easy but it's not it's very hard it's very expensive and it takes time this is why we have been been working closely with the UN and are more than 200 members to lay out a three- prone approach that starts with political engagement and advocacy in general for NCS but specifically for NC 3.0 because we need to restore that Spirit of Paris and the importance of ndcs as

uh its main pillar also because we need to present this NES as an opportunity to drive ambition and accelerate implementation but also because at the beginning of the year very few developing countries has had started this and it takes time so we need to trigger that and we work very closely to get countries going and it has been very successful no more than 60 countries have reached out to us U 70 at this point asking for support to develop their new ndcs um but also countries need to understand how to do it so what is

the guidance how do we translate the global stock TI into what's my own responsibility because these are global responsibilities that requires guidance so we developed again with the UN and with many partners an NDC 3.0 navigator that allows countries to find their ambition based on their own reality on their own context and we're hosting Regional fora to discuss NTC 3.0 um so that countries can understand how to align with the 1.5 with the global Goen adaptation with the global stopic as fast as possible so so that they can deliver immediately and most importantly the Third

pillar of this is support countries need support that is fast that is flexible and that responds to their specific needs so we launched a global call almost a year and a half ago to cover development of ndcs and long-term strategies and to link the two processes and we're working very closely with um the un uh joint approach through the climate promise 2025 to deliver the support that countries need um and we're seeing that moving forward but countries will need time to finished it so just to close I believe that we can deliver the Paris agreement

if we evolve to a new way of working together we're not there yet clearly we still need to align a few outliers but we are on the right track and we heard a few examples here we have the troa we have the riot Trio we have the mdps working together we have a one un approach to climate action now we need to learn how they now they need to learn to play with each other and to collaborate with each other and uh to realize that no one can do this on their own that we need

to all come together public private national International if we want to deliver on the critical moment that will that then will be in Saving and ideally Reinventing uh the Paris agreement so that we can have a Paris plus 10 and a Paris plus 20 as Isabella said thank you well thank you very much Pablo and um you highlighted many points um but I think one of the key um area you highlighted is the implementation part of it so not only the design but we need indices that are and will be implemented and it leads me

to the last speaker of the panel Flavia belagu the co-founder of blacka Welcome um to to maybe address one of the element that we've touched upon but remains exive in our discussion which is the core role of the um non-state actors in there to move the agenda forward we know we need a system make a change a change in the system itself and it's not only the part of the government right he has to bring together all the non-state stakeholders as well so can you tell us a bit uh more about that side of the

story how are they moving or not and what needs to be done and just for you you should stay with because we will still have a couple of questions I know I've been at B small at managing the time but if the panelist agree to stay 15 more minutes we will allow for a couple of questions so please remain with us Flavia thank you uh so without Civil Society we cannot go further and I dare to say that brail has one of the most bustling civil societes on globe and I have the opportunity to to

to embrace with different civil societes all over and there is something special there and what we have been seeing in the last years is a bustling movement of a lot of organizations ideas popping up every month throughout Brazil and it's when you look at in history I think the last time we had the entire Civil Society together was at cop 26 when we had the the mar for climate aiming for climate Justice and we went through three cops that Civil Society wasn't allowed to to bring their voice and now we are going to Brazil and

we must open space but not only to H what they're saying but to bring them as part of the decision- making process and having the diversity of voices inside that in order to do that they have to understand the the rules and the mechanisms of unfc agenda and that's what laa has been doing so far we have been translating the UNF unfc negotiations to to Civil Society during cop Bond and monthly so having the the the resources and the tools on hand they can be more strategic to understand how they should do it and the

best way not just to being heard but to collaborate and that's what Civil Society want most to collaborate and one of one of the examples it's if you look at the litigation process for example we are the third country in the world with the highest number of climate litigation process and that means something that means that Civil Society wants to to tell to the government and to the private sector that we must D drive our ship you know to the Regeneration path to the climate path and not to the oil path and other time times

types of of development of our economics and saying that and as Cecilia said brid in to to go like to the outside to the inside and we we have seen the movement getting stronger but also we are literally in the corner of the local elections in Brazil in October 6th we're are going to have the local municipality elections we have more than 5,000 municipalities in Brazil and 5,57 each something like this and can you imagine if we manage to embrace the climate agenda in a domestic level in a way that during the elections we we

have the opportunity to bring to the public policies in those municipalities the climate change and what the the Civil Society is doing right now is trying to bring the climate aspects into the political agenda and it's hard it's hard because people they are not making that connection yet so far that how climate it's it's like embra it's it's advancing the challenge they are facing already on daily basis and how the vulnerables will be even more vulnerables and the gap between Po and rich is going to to increase even more and the importance of this so

before cop 30 we do have that huge moment in Brazil and I do hope in two three weeks from now we have a a different picture of how the the climate agenda in a domestic level is being delivered and also how beyond that we are creating space to to bring the voices to to to be able to get into the cop process and of course we're going to talk about Forest of course we are in the Amazon but the bioma it's not going to to rise for itself we need the other biomas in order to

protect even the Amazon it's everything's interconnected so it's just like a Attention Point here that we must bring in a holistic approach how we are delivering the the Amazon aspect of it we do need of course the protection of the other biomas and the voices who are in the front line protecting not only the Amazon forest but so many other biomas they are in tra right now and as civil society no one left no one's behind but of course we do need the government we do need the private sector and I can see in Brazil

that there is a movement that is open up those doors everyone is willing to collaborate everyone is willing to listen to one another and it's as Isabella said is thinking outside the box we must be bold we must be brave we must be ambitious and we do have the opportunity at cup 30 to have like the human-based approach cop and it's not only on the high on the agenda and what has will be delivered during the negotiations but it's what we were doing before that to preach in all the layers of Civil Society to be

part of the process but more important than that is beyond cop 30 because what I've SE what I've been listening it's just like move forward cop 30 it's important but after that what should we do and how should we embrace all those movements that we're engaging right now I don't want to see like after cup 30 people forgetting about or think okay it doesn't matter anymore so the problem is too big what should I do we are we have been seeing these elements already popping up in society and not only as civil society but the

key actors as well so we we must have take that on mind in order to to have already a strategic goals and how to keep engaging those who who we are engaging right now to keep move forward with the agenda we all know here that things are going to get much much worse but it doesn't mean we need to give up hope doesn't mean we need just to try to do the basics you know to get to cop 30 we must go deeper and as laima and of course so many other organizations in Civil Society

in Brazil we are creating that path to to make the cop 30 just another important strategic step to to layer down the agenda as you just said about how difficult it is to implement NDC for example and how can we drive this into the layers of the municipalities and and helping those local municipalities to access funds it's there's so many challenges but we already know the way for so many ways to solve it so it's not that difficult if you truly connected and listen to one another to move forward with the agenda and have the

the human rights cup you know 30 and bond to to be the example that everyone is expecting Brazil to be to turn as a climate leadership and not the other way around thank you Favia and also for underlining the fact that uh Civil Society can be a force for Innovation as well um I think this is a very important Point as we're looking into uh decisive action so now that I think we've come to the end of the panel and the conclusion is that on the road to BM is actually on the road to the

post cup 30 I want to allow a couple of questions from the room a very short questions please of course I have five questions in front of me hello please okay good afternoon uh my name is Marcelo ferado I'm from itaa and nature finance my question would be uh looking at cop 30 zabella you've been saying a lot about a new type of politics which is nature politics coming into cop 30 I was wondering if you could elaborate a little bit about that and for uh Ambassador Andre uh regarding G20 it seems to me that

one of the most Innovative things that Brazil did uh bringing nature into economy was uh to bring the bioeconomy conversation to the G20 not only on the sherper track but also in the finance track as nature-based Solutions in sustainable Finance working group could you elaborate a little bit on that thank you thank you very much for the question we're going to collect the questions uh in the back there [Music] please hi hi I am AA from Indonesia and youth scholar of the Asia Pacific Regional company ahead of summit of the feature facilitated by Asia Pacific

resource and Research Center for Women and within the context of discussion Asia and Pacific region has been struggling with climate change because of the geographical diversity itself and the socio economic factor and we want support for which we as 82 youth from 21 countries from Asia and the Pacific region have been drafted a call to action at our regional company so this is here is we want to show our document that we have made and there's a few key areas that we also have been made so yeah we actually just want to share that uh

there's a few key areas on a recommendation on the climate change itself from the Asia and the Pacific heeld thank you thank you very much and then on the left Le hi everyone my name is Bianca I'm work for eay local government for sustainability and right next to me I have Daniel Alara who is the climate coordinator of Hil gr state so my question is about um subnational government's engagement last year at cop 28 in Dubai a Brazil signed that CH the champ initiative the champ pledge which is the um Coalition for high level ambition

Partnerships which is uh collaboration between National governments and subnational governments to implement NDC so in this regard I want I would like to ask especially to Ambassador um deago but also Isabella and anyone else who wants to comment on this how are you seeing subnational engagement especially um regarding the C the crisis that we are having now especially in here state for example how are you planning to engage with supernational governments ahead of cop 29 and C 13 thanks well thank you very much for the questions unfortunately we can't take more questions so I would

suggest that we come and see you come and see the panelist afterwards or you send your questions to the organizers so that we can relay and answer the questions you have for now let me go back to the panelist Ambassador would you like to start or Isabella want you to start none of them it's funny hierarchy come on okay uh first of all I think that's very important when we go to call to action in Asia and then why this is important because uh uh more than the half of the global population the planet population

will be there okay and we need we need to understand the import of non Western World okay people don't like to discuss this because but it's true and uh and it's impressive now how the societies they are changing they're moving and how absolutely we need if you want to discuss a planetary Dimension we need to know more about the nonwestern world what's happening there uh of course that have diversity ofish I don't have time to tr this year but thank you very much to bringing the Dr this culture action nation and societies uh it's different

the Civil Society engagement there okay and this something very important should be observed um second uh let's see how T to address your question Mel Come Into Climate politics in Asia politics we need different perspective and go this I'm not discussing here climate policies and uh nature policies I'm discussing the political perspectives to address this issue in this Century together nature goes beyond biodiversity not only biodiversity nature comes with natural resource and also materials that the global economy is fully dependent on if you want to address climate Solutions so it's not only the impact on

nature but also how you should value nature the natural Capital to understand that you need to move not only con carbon markets but to understand the nature of capital how to use this this is very important not only for the biodiverse countries or Mega biodiverse Alliance but also how fully dependent we are on nature today because closer to this you can understand better the role of water scarcity water rise into the climate change Cris and also nature pris a second Point related to this is how we go into climate change perspective is important to address

biodiversity and also nature when it com politics or land use agenda and lands agenda used to be a agenda for the developing countries meaning for Brazil and for cons agriculture because on on the core in the core of the of the energy crisis oh sorry the climate crisis have energy and this is fossil fuels and you go to this transitional way uh perspective is very good but I'm not sure if you have all the political conditions to manage to manage this agenda after the decision last C and this is how we're struggling behind the scene

this means climate politics I'm sorry but this is climate politics it's not negotiations okay and this come together with GE political interest and why because we fully dependent on energ security on fossil fuels this is a country impressive country that you know um that have the today the really important uh outcomes of mitigation based on the replacement of Co to sh gas and Sh oil this is f fuel okay this is not a uh the transitional way that you want and it's not the transformation that we need okay and this the same when we go

to the other part of the world the F depends of India and other important countries of fossil fuels when to go into and it secur it and back when you go to discuss climate in Asia politics in a country in Brazil and land use agenda we need to move the piece beyond the first station if foration something that it's a moral and a legal uh issue for our society we need to typ the first this is is it's crime it's environmental crime it's a crazy situation I agree because unfortunately our society um agree to have

this back okay because I have my during my term have the the lowest rates of deforestation in history and we achieve 8% of the reduction of deforestation is the most important contribution to a global mitigation so how my Society agree to set back this this is important thing this is climate and nature politics it comes together with the denial comes together with the populis okay and have different political movements around our society meaning the Western World mean in the Western World how democracy is in check or check late and you need to understand the balance

between the powers political powers like the government and the National Congress the parliament that represent so well our society or not this is climate in as politics when go into the new the new generation to discuss th in my opinion we cannot go to discuss certain tragedies because they have the role okay and we need to understand how we can bring the guys not into the decision process decision making process because this means responsibilities that we're not framed very well legal frame well legally frame well but this mean political engagement this is climate and politics

so what I'm trying to say here is that we need this umbrella that brings people together meing democracies okay uh to be part of the debate be part of the solution be committed considering that to have a shortterm and long-term perspectives when you're going shortterm perspective you need trans understand tradeoffs and how you manage tradeoffs probably for developing countries you can use this transition energy transition for example concerning fossil fuels to increase our social net net Protection Service this is very very interesting and my last point it's I think that we need to understand when

you go into this solutions I like to say because you mentioned this nature and People based Solutions okay when you go to Nature and climate based solution this means that you need to understand the national realities and Pablo I'm not sure I understand uh how we are fighting we're fighting together to have more ambition n this because this is Paris agreement but we need to recognize which countries uh ambition in matters in shortterm perspective to accelerate the transformation that you need okay and for other countries ambition inis mean strategic indicis because not necessarily they will

impact globally but they will impact the national reality and they change and probably go to into equity and minimize inequalities and to share Technologies so we need to have an ambition to have new lands to approach things okay and don't repeat the old roads that people feel so comfortable to postpone things that's that's why I like to Mur the idea of Tik Tok okay because for me I have to download that okay and learn the language it's very interesting and this is climate in Asia politics we need to use this better to come together if

not you're coming into the green wishing world or green climate world okay and wishing climate Bo that please let's Poston things not change things and that I think that L you J you must come with Innovative pressure and agriculture play an important role to transform the agenda in climate and Asia politics thank you very much Isabella I'm aware that we're losing people in the room so Ambassador don't you worry they'll be back they're getting a coffee here and coming back that's the optimism nature Ambassador so thank you very quickly because um I also have to

go but uh thank you for the questions and I'm going to first on the subnational U engagement I think it's absolutely key uh and Brazil is 87% Urban so cities is key and by the way also in the Amazon cities are probably the source of the most important solutions for the Amazon so yes uh this is going to be set Cal and in our action agenda we want very much to have results in this area because unfortunately you don't have direct access to negotiations although the Brazilian government opens obviously the delegation to all of you

to come to to participate uh and very quickly on the G20 uh Marcel thank you uh yes bioeconomy was a theme that we also brought to the to the G 20 with uh the two tracks somehow not as formally because it was an initiative there was some resistance but at the end we got the the 10 principles 10 high level principles on bioeconomy uh and it was um a great Revelation things are U I think it was a huge progress we had the support of the Civil Society we had support of experts but it showed

that there is a divide and it showed that there is a perception we have to continue to work and I'm very happy that South Africa has embraced it and is going to continue the discussion next year while they are shairing the G20 thank you very much for your questions and stay so thank you to all the panelists and the participants and now let me hand over to kolini medos director of public policy and engagement at laa and co-founder of Amazonian Network for climate for the final remarks thank you very much thank you very much everyone

thank you very much for staying I know I'm the person that stands before you and lunch so I will try to make this very brief we heard today about urgency we heard today about ndc's opportunities for Global sou for developing countries to show up in strength around their ndcs we heard we need to close the gap from the hundreds of billions that under the UNF Triple C we are capable of fostering to the trillions that we need but we also heard about the positive outcomes from cops and in the in this year in this age

of multi crisis we learned about the need to strength multilateralism we heard the cop 30 is the Moment of Truth for ndc's and that we have a global responsibility to push forward Global agenda and to explore the full potential of cops in support to to support people H and to support this we need to Foster the instruments that will deliver this climate action such as the four priorities that were aligned here uh that were listed here like loss and damage fund and in this we had a good news where the loss and damage fund is

now able to accept their pledges we learn about the new Collective quantifiable goal in the adaptation we learn about the need to develop to deliver naps and to secure uh GGA and we learned learn also about um the pledge to at least uh match 50% of mitigation funds to adaptation we learn about carbon markets and the need for in stronger indices transitioning away from fossil fuels and deforestation and here we had a great good news around this initiative of 70 plus countries to address deforestation restoration and conservation we need the we need to look at

Food Systems and transitioning from them all of these instruments need to be tied to climate Justice and Democratic participation with Equity human rights and to see the troa presidency succeed for this we need to address the elephant in the room we also heard that which is climate politics and green protectionism all agenda items from adaptation but especially response measures and just transition are informed by climate politics and we need to address it directly for this we need Civil Society voices not just to listen to what has been what has been said but to include them

in the negotiation process and Into Climate politic process with this I would like in the name of LMA and in the name of sa we would like to thank NYU Law and the environmental law Society for providing the venue for this event and partnering with us we would like to thank all of the panelists and all of the guests for staying this long and for coming here on a Sunday and this event officially closed thank you so much