35-minute grammar lesson. All you need to know about prepositions.

hey guys welcome to lingua Marina today we're diving into the world of English prepositions this big class is all about helping you understand them better if you're still figuring out prepositions or just want to sharpen your skills you're in the right place we're going to explore common mistakes tricky parts and by the end you'll be a pro at using prepositions so let's jump in and make prepositions a piece of cake for you today we're going to talk about the most common prepositions at in and on so let's do a quick quiz he lives 13 Long Street and you have to select either in on or at I'm visiting my grandma on in at a hospital I like traveling to in at a train now you're going to get the right answers at the end of this video but make sure you write your answers down so you can check yourself later now let's talk about some rules rules the first rule is when we use at at is used with a very exact place think small building like something that is small you would always use at at the door at the hospital at school at the University at the table at the door so something specific would always be at but when you're thinking about big things like I don't know Panama or Guatemala or St Petersburg or London you would never say at because at only applies to smaller things and London Panama Guatemala those huge geographical locations so you can be at London you're in London in London yeah but I'm at the desk I am at home I am at my studio I am at the bus stop Etc at this University at the door that's cool we use on with streets and avenues I live on Park Avenue on North Avenue I live on Green Street so so on is always with the street but please remember there are always exceptions like if you're talking about University and you're talking about campus you say I live on campus on campus campus is this location where you have your dorms you have your classes you have your restaurants cafeterias Etc so on campus would be an exception but normally on is only used with streets now when we're talking about the street there is another thing to remember when we have a number then we use at I live at 13 Green Street at 45 denston Street but when we don't have a number like I'm asking you where are you right now and you're answering I'm a Market Street you don't give me a number and then you use on on Green Street so at is used when we give the full address Street number Etc on is when we just mentioned the street and when we talk about something bigger than the street we use the preposition in so for example you have different parts of town we are having lunch in Chinatown or we are having lunch in Knob Hill this is like a district here in San Francisco with cities as I already mentioned I live in London I live in London I live in New York you live in New York we have been in New York for 2 weeks we are in Los ales Hills with States I live in California live in California with parts of countries my friends spent vacation in the south of India with countries I used to live in Russia in Russia with continents my sister is in Africa I love being in Africa so to sum things up we use at with specific locations on with less specific locations like streets and in with bigger locations like cities towns countries parts of countries if you're already overwhelmed you're like Marina how do I learn this it takes time guys I've been learning English since I was seven well I started when I was four but I was like but I became serious about English when I was seven and it's still a process right the thing is first of all to enjoy the process the second thing is start using English as early as you can don't pay attention to your mistakes don't pay attention to your accent because this is a tool and no one's perfect as always quick recommendation of a product that we've created with my team at lingua trip with professional teachers who are native speakers with one of my favorite teachers B who's also an accredited English language teacher and who's been teaching English here in the US we have a handbook called grammar is all you need that includes essential grammar topics for Learners who want to reach the advanced level of English this book has a chapter on prepositions with all the information that you need I think it's really good to have this resource always with you so you can check whether you saying something correctly or if you have a question always go there and check it for limited time we decided to give a chapter on prepositions for free because you're watching this video I know you need that information so you're getting that chapter for free and you're also getting a discount if you decide to buy the handbook the link will be down below please hit it download the free chapter get a discount so you can have information regarding English grammar available for you at all times now let's move a little further with our prepositions I gave you some basic rules but now we're going to explore more examples in is also used when we are talking about an enclosed space something that has a roof something that has walls in a car in a box in a building I am waiting for you in my car they're in a car can you please help me find a pen in this box in a box don't put your wallet in a pocket now listen carefully right now we're moving to on and uh we use on with a bus on a bus and you might ask Marina but why in a car but on a bus wait a minute I'm going to explain the other words that we use on with are words that represent surface like this table is a surface on a table your floor is a surface on the floor wall behind me is also surface on the wall we also use on one we talk about left and right on the left on the right or vice versa depending on whatever you see I think it's on the left for you're on the right for for you next to or along the side of a river for example Cambridge is on the River cam now interesting part why in a car but on a bus in is used with means of transportation where you can't stand up oh my God English you're so complicated so you can't stand up in a car so you say in a car you can't stand up in a helicopter but you can't stand end up on an airplane so on an airplane in a helicopter on a bus in a car on the bus in a car in a taxi cuz you can't send up in a taxi I know guys this is why I recommend having something like a grammar book so you can refer to things or at least uh have a script of this video in front of your eyes on a ship on a boat on a plane on a train we use on with a means of trans transport where we can stand up we can stand up on a plane we can stand up on a bus we can stand up on a boat and also maybe another hint uh we use on with a means of transportation where there is no roof on a horse on a Boat Boat doesn't have a roof normally you can have both but on a boat so normally you don't have a roof on top of you when you're on the upper deck on a bike you can't really stand up on a bike but it doesn't have a roof so it's on a bike on your bike on a boat another thing that can be super super super confusing for you guys sometimes you hear in a hospital and sometimes you hear at a hospital both of those are grammatically correct but guess what they have a different meaning so when you're saying I'm in a hospital that means you're a patient you're actually receiving treatment I don't remember the accident I just remember waking up in a hospital my uncle is in the hospital right now receiving treatment for his I don't acne I don't know if you go to hospital for that but he broke a leg he's in a hospital let's do that I'm giving birth in a hospital but you can also say I'm at the hospital but that would mean that you're just doing something there that you're not a patient I am visiting my uncle at the hospital because you're at the hospital not as a patient receiving treatment you're a guest visiting your uncle in college my brother volunteered at a local hospital again he wasn't a patient this is why we use at the hospital the same goes for school Museum library or any other institution and we also use at with events I'm at this Lady Gaga concert okay guys I hope it wasn't super confusing for you again if you want to make sure you remember all the prepositions make sure to follow the link below and download the free chapter of the grammar book and if you feel like you're willing to invest in your education just a little sum of money using 66% off the grammar book will be even cheaper for you because you're watching this video and now let's check your test I guess you already know everything but let's do it anyways he lives at 13 Long Street because we give the full address we give the number and the street address I'm visiting my grandma at the hospital why because I'm not a patient she's a patient my grandma is in the hospital receiving treatment and I'm visiting her at the hospital because I am not a patient I like traveling on a train you can also say I love traveling by train but this is another topic for another video here because we remember that we can stand up on the train we use on I like to travel on a train the next set of rules is regarding all versus all of so we use all of when we have pronouns pronouns are us they them me you those are all pronouns so we say all of us are going to Malibu next week all of them have completed their toal test so whenever it's a pronoun we have all of all of me however in all other cases we have all all the people are forced to stay at home all the students have to wear masks all the children need to stay at home all the gods All The Heavens the next section in versus on versus at when we're talking about time so when we talk about General measurements like I'll be there in 2 minutes I'll see you in 2 days we're going to travel abroad in 2 months so this in is used with general measurements I'll be there in 20 minutes however when we have a specific date and time we use on and at I will see you on Monday at 12:00 p. m. the classes start on September 21st I'll go now if I'm we'll see you on Friday and remember that in is also used with a year I was born in 1990 he will come back in 2025 that was in 1994 beside versus besides so beside is a preposition that means nearby we were camping beside the river we were camping on the shore right we're really close to the river and we're camping there beside the white chickens besides as an adverb and preposition that means an addition to besides we need your support in this Venture so this is something you would start your sentence with besides two suitcases I'm taking three boxes with me so it means in addition to my boxes I'm taking my suitcases you mean besides my marriage among versus between among is used when you have a group of objects or people usually three or more she's very popular among her classmates she's a very popular girl right I can choose among all your t-shirts you have like 30 in your closet oh my God among our homes between is when you have two objects I can't decide between going to the cinema and uh staying at home between us on versus upon they're actually interchangeable you can use both but but a pond is really formal and oldfashioned remember this once upon a time there was this little girl who lived in the forest blah blah blah all the fairy tales will start like that put your book on a table we would usually just use on uh in this context two versus then there are several words that can only be followed by two and these words are senior Junior prefer prior Superior inferior preferable he is senior to me in service right we're using two I prefer coffee to tea I like coffee more he is superior to me in terms of grades which means he's higher than me is Matthew Superior to me so with these we use two in other cases we use them he's better than me she's more beautiful than me Etc you're no better than he is in versus into we use in when we have have a person an animal or an object located in a location I was sitting in the classroom he was in the house when the policeman came here he is in your office we use into in a sense of coming toward something he came into my office so he was kind of entering a closed space and he was moving toward me so he came into my office came into the store agree with versus Agree to Agree with is used for agreement with a person I agree with you we need to practice English daily I agree with our president that we need to support our economy I agree with denes agree to is used for agreement to a plan proposal or idea I agree to your proposal let's start a company together I agree to your idea to share this video with all of my friends you'll agree to anything for versus since I think this pair of prepositions can be quite confusing so four measures a period of time while since refers to the start date period of time for since start date I've been vlogging for 9 years already period of time I've been vlogging since 2014 since start this is when I started here's a great example for you practice write this down below in the comment section two sentences guys I've been following lingua Marina for how many years 3 years 4 years one year 1 month one day I'm a new subscriber I've been following lingua Marina for years months weeks days and the second sentence I've been following lingua Marina since 2021 when I first saw her video about about uh TOEFL or English grammar whatever or I've been following lingua Marina since 2022 right so let me know in comments when you first started watching me and why what was the video that caught your attention and made you subscribe this will be very useful for my future videos because I want to make sure I produce more content that helps you become better in English please comment below and thank you for doing this and thank you for practicing your English in the comments now we going transition to the next part of this video and continue talking about prepositions hello everyone in this lesson we're going to look at some commonly confused prepositions and conjunctions to test how well you know them I've prepared a little test based on the Barbie movie if you haven't seen the movie yet don't worry you can still take the test keep track of your answers if you finish the test without any mistakes write winner in the comments below that way we'll know that this topic is easy for you if you make some mistakes let us know how many questions you got wrong let's get started question one Barbie and Ken have known each other blank many years you have 5 Seconds to answer the question feel free to pause the video if you need more time to think the right answer is B Barbie and Ken have known each other for for many years now why can't I say during many years or while many years we use during to show when something happened is always followed by a noun for example during the party Barbie didn't pay attention to Ken when during the party during the trip to the real world Ken learns a lot about patriarchy we use four to show how how long something happens we use the time period after 4 for 5 minutes for 6 months for 10 years for many years we cannot say for the party unless you want to say that you prepared a gorgeous dress for the party but that's a completely different story Barbie and can have known each other for many years how long so that's the right answer finally while is a conjunction it's usually followed by the subject and the verb it can be used to show that two things are happening at the same time Barbie was trying to find the child playing with her in the real world while Ken was learning about patriarchy and horses the two actions happened at the same time while can also be used to indicate contrast Ken likes Barbie well Barbie doesn't like Ken the next bear that is commonly confused is by until until Barbie has to finish her project blank Sunday you have 5 Seconds to think it over what do you think the right answer is a Barbie has to finish her project by Sunday we use by to talk about deadlines imagine that you mark a day on your calendar and have to complete something before that day that's a deadline because it's a deadline you'll often see words like have to should need and must in such sentences for example Barbie and can must get to the real world by noon they must do it before that time Barbie should find the girl girl who's playing with her by the end of the month by noon by the end of the month by Friday by August by 400 p.

m. by the end of the week all these are examples of deadlines now when talking about until imagine a lion why because it describes a period of time for example the party lasts until 11:00 p. m.

it probably starts at some time before then let's say 5:00 p. m. and then it lasts until 11:00 p.

m.