Future Simple & Future Continuous | English Tenses | will? be going to? will be going?

Hi everyone! I'm Arnel, and today we're gonna  learn the future simple, and the future continuous. There is a lot of information in today's lesson. 

So, I made a summary for you. A summary of the 14 points we're going to look at today. Yes, 14.

This  summary will come up at the end of the lesson, and can you please give me one example of  one of the points in the comments below. Give me the number and your example,  I can't wait to read them. Let's start.

Future simple. I have will and be going to.  I also have facts, predictions, probability, plans, being spontaneous, promises, and habits. 

We do need to look at all of these in detail. Because if you can clearly understand the future  simple. The future continuous is so much easier to learn.

Before we look at these uses, we  need to look at the grammatical structures. I have will and be going to. Subject, will and  the base form.

The base form is also called the bear infinitive. Like: Do, play, go, eat, be. I will be five  minutes late, you will be five minutes late, he will be five minutes late.

Etc. . .

Common mistake: We do not  use to, after will. I will to be five minutes late? Never.

Also, even if your subject is: He,  she, or it. The verbs always stay the same. He wills be five minutes late?

No. He will is  five minutes late? No.

Negative, subject: Will not plus base verb. I will not be five minutes late. Questions: Will, subject, base verb.

Will  you be five minutes late? With, be going to, things change a little bit. Subject, be, and depending  on your subject, you need to change be.

Going to and then that bare infinitive. I'm going  to make pancakes tonight. She is going to make pancakes tonight.

They are going to make  pancakes tonight. What's the negative? Subject, be, not going to, plus base verb.

They  are not going to make pancakes tonight. What's the question form? Be, subject, going to,  base verb.

Is she going to make pancakes tonight? Grammatical structures done! Number one: Future facts.

A fact is something  that is definite, you cannot change a fact. The sun will set at 9:46 pm tonight, and will  rise at 4:44 am tomorrow. This is a fact, I cannot change it.

Road will be closed from January 30th, to  February 22nd. Okay, but if something isn't definite, it's a prediction. A prediction is something we  think will happen in the future.

Not just what we think, predictions are often based on science. What  kind of science-based topics can you read about? Space, nature, ai (artificial intelligence), health.

. . In 100 years humans will live on mars.

Earth won't  be the only planet to sustain human life. Will earth exist in a hundred years? Farmers will spend  more time indoors with the help of robotic farming.

Drgs for all types of cancer will be developed. Okay, I have my example sentences here. You  can see will, plus that bare infinitive.

In my last example, why are there two verbs? Will  and, then be, and developed. Developed past simple.

This is still the future simple, but it's  future simple passive, it's the passive voice. And you don't need to know the  passive grammar to understand today's lesson. I have a video on the passive  voice, I'll put it down below for you.

Yes, we can also use be going to, to predict the  future. So what's the difference, will or, be going to? Be going to, is less formal but also perfectly  correct.

Will is more formal and usually seen in writing, but many times people do use these  two interchangeably. I have an example of that: I went to spacex. com, as many of you  know is one of elon musk's companies, and I was so happy to see  this quote on their website: You want to wake up in the morning and think  the future is going to be great.

It's about believing in the future, and thinking that  the future will be better than the past. You can see be going to and will, in the  same quote. Because variety is always natural.

But as a general rule, will is  more formal and common in writing. Three, future probability. Future probability, what  does that mean?

Probability means how certain we are something will happen. It's kind of like a  prediction. I have 100% certain and then, 0% certain.

I'm sure, definitely. I think, maybe. I guess.

We can use these words here with  will to express future probability. Do you think Amy will like this gift I bought  her? I'm sure she'll love it.

Think, plus will, I'm sure, plus will. The client is refusing  to pay, she owes us fifteen hundred dollars. Owes means, needs to give, she needs  to give us fifteen hundred dollars.

Maybe she'll agree to paying  in installments? Maybe, she'll. And, pay in installments, is such a great little  phrase.

This means you don't pay everything at once, you pay smaller pieces over time. So  for example, this client could pay 300 dollars. .

. over five months. But there are some predictions  we make where will is not correct.

Predictions based on what we see, or feel, in  the moment. Let's look at a classic example: It's going to rain. In informal spoken English  we could say, it's gonna, it's gonna rain.

What do I see now? Maybe I see dark clouds.  That's how I can make my prediction.

Or sometimes you can feel it's going to  rain, right? There's that feeling in the air. Horse number 12, is going to win.

What do  I see? I see horse number 12 in the lead. Or, if you're watching the race you could  say: Horse number 12 isn't gonna win!

Look, horse number six is catching up. These  are predictions based on what we see. Okay, what do you think is gonna happen?

I think she's gonna fall. Ah ha! I was correct!

Okay, next clip. This is a mini clip from one of  my favorite movies of all time, The Lion King. In this clip, the warthog is  being chased by a hungry lion.

Hey, what's going on? She's gonna eat me! Okay, what's going on?

What's going on means,  what is happening. And here we see, what is going, that's not the future simple. How do  we know that?

There's no verb after going, this is just the present continuous. What's  going on? She's gonna eat me!

What do we see? A hungry lion. It would be very unnatural  for this character to say, she will eat me.

Let's move on to, plans. A plan is something  you have chosen to do and organized. Next week I will visit my sister. 

Tomorrow I will teach the passive voice. My husband and I will spend the weekend  assembling furniture. Assemble means, put together.

Sometimes you need  to assemble furniture, right? Are these facts? No.

Are these predictions?  No. Am I talking about probability?

No. We use going to, be going to, for plans. Not  will.

Next week I'm going to visit my sister. Tomorrow I'm going to teach the passive  voice. My husband and I are going to spend the weekend assembling furniture.

Again, it is  unnatural to use will, when we're making plans. Mini note: With the future simple and the future  continuous, the specific time like: tomorrow, next week, in 100 years, is good to  have - but it's not always necessary. Scientists will never find a cure for cancer. 

Yes they will! Okay, the same goes for past plans. We were, past, we were going to  go to the beach, but it started to rain.

I know some of you grammar lovers are thinking:  Can we use present continuous for future plans? Yes you can, but in today's lesson I really want  to focus on the future tenses. I do have a video on the present simple and present continuous,  and in this lesson I discuss the future as well.

Arnel, do you want to take a five minute break? I'll take one later. But i made you a coffee!

I'll drink it later. Okay, I'll  take it later, I'll drink it later. We use will when we're being spontaneous.

What  does spontaneous mean? Spontaneous is a great adjective, it means we do or think something  in the moment. Do we have time to plan?

No. Do we have time to prepare?  No.

Conversations are spontaneous. Where's Julie? She should be here.

I  don't know, I'll send her a message. I'll send her a message. Did I plan  to say this?

No, it's spontaneous. See you later Anne, yeah I'll see you later. I'll  see you later.

Number seven. Number seven, promises. And if you feel like there's a lot of  information and if you feel overwhelmed, That's what my summary is for.

Answer  the points in my summary to help you, leave me a comment with your example. Promises.  Okay, let's watch this little clip here: Promise you'll never forget about me.

Yes. Of course. Okay, promise me you will never forget  about me.

I will always love you. Promises don't need to be this dramatic.  We make little promises every day don't we?

I won't forget to pick up milk on the way home.  I will have the report on your desk by 5 pm, I promise. Okay, last point for  the future simple - last point.

Does your husband like tea? He'll  drink tea from time to time. It's clear I don't mean, he will drink tea in the  future.

This is something he could do regularly. So what's the difference? He'll drink tea from time  to time, and, he drinks tea from time to time?

Many times these two are used interchangeably, they're  both correct. But in my opinion, the present simple is a better choice for things you do routinely.  I wake up at 6:30 every morning.

My dog barks whenever someone walks by our front door.  Will is more a possibility of a routine. Summer in the UK is beautiful.

It'll rain - it'll,  it'll. It'll rain most of the year, but I always look forward to summer. And little fact about  me, I actually live in the UK, but I'm American.

It's time to move on to the future continuous. Future continuous. Subject, will, be, verb, ing. 

And again, this structure stays the same for every subject. We use the future continuous to  express an action in progress in the future. What does that mean?

Let's compare this with  the present continuous, present continuous. Now, I am talking to you. Now, you are watching  a YouTube lesson.

Is the start of the action important? No. Is the end of the action  important?

No. Is this action permanent? No, it's temporary.

So what's important? The  action is in progress, that's what's important. I want you to take this feeling  and just move it to the future.

Can I come to your house tomorrow  morning? Sorry, I'll be working. Okay, what about 9:00 pm?

9 pm? I'll be sleeping!  Seriously, I go to bed really early, I'll be sleeping.

So is the start of the action important?  No. Is the end of the action important?

No. Is the action permanent? No, it's temporary.

So what's  important? The action is in progress, that action is important, because it's my excuse. Let's compare  this to the future simple.

I will work all morning. Am I talking about a fact, a prediction, or  probability? No.

Am I making a promise? No. Am I being spontaneous?

No. Am I talking about present habits?  No.

So here, that future continuous really is the best choice. Next week I'll be volunteering at an  animal shelter. We can't go skiing because it won't be snowing.

And yes, you can have two actions happening at the same time. During the luncheon, I will be working at the  buffet and Moira will be working at the bar. A luncheon is like a fancy lunch event.

In the meeting we will be agreeing with each other. Why doesn't that work? Why is that  not correct?

Agree is a stative verb. A stative verb is a verb used to describe our  thoughts, emotions, feelings. Like love, hate, believe, remember, agree.

Verb is like that. We  do not use stative verbs in continuous tenses. Of course there are always exceptions.

But as a  general rule, don't use stated verbs in continuous tenses. I have a lesson on stative verbs if you  want to study them in more detail. So, for this part of the lesson, future continuous, I do not  use any stative verbs because they're not correct.

Remember about a minute ago I said: Is this action  permanent? No, it's temporary. Okay, most continuous tenses are temporary actions.

Like the future  continuous, it's a temporary action. But if we use the negative future continuous, with again,  this means never again - which is permanent. Joe was such a rude guest, I won't  be inviting him to my house again.

I could say I won't be inviting him to  my house ever again, to be more emphatic. The service at that restaurant was appalling.  I won't be eating there again - never again.

And appalling is a great adjective  it means very bad. Appalling! Number 11.

We're almost done, we're on number 11. When we ask a question in the future continuous,  it's a very formal and polite question. Will you be bringing anyone to the dinner  tonight?

How long will you be staying in town? For number 12, let's look at a song by Adele. I'll  be waiting - we can see the future continuous, there.

There's one line in the song that's  repeated again and again. I'll be waiting for you when you're ready to love me again. Future  continuous, when.

Present simple, an interruption. Everyone will be eating when you arrive. I'll be  leaving work when the game starts, so I'll probably miss the first half.

Future continuous, when. Present  simple interruption - then we have that probability with, will. I want to end point number 12  with a traditional American folk song.

Maybe you know it? She'll be coming round the mountain  when she comes. She'll be coming around the mountain when she comes.

She'll be coming round  the mountain. Coming around the mountain. She'll be coming around the mountain when she comes. 

She'll be driving six white horses when she comes. she'll be driving white horses. .

. So, why is she  on a mountain? I don't know.

Why does she need six white horses? I don't know. But this  song really demonstrates that grammar.

Okay, if a present action will continue in the  future, we can use future continuous with - still. Now I'm working on my essay. I  will still be working on my essay later tonight.

Present action continues  into the future. The baby is sleeping. She will still be sleeping when you come home  later.

Okay, last point 14. Amazing, great job! We can use the future continuous to speak  about an action we assume is happening now.

What does assume mean? Assume means you think  something is happening, you strongly think, but you're not sure. Maybe you're 99% sure. 

You can't call Ryan, he'll be driving. Do I know for certain if he's driving? No , but I assume that's what he's doing now.

If I use a present continuous, he is driving,  that's definite. I know exactly what he's doing, it's not an assumption. Assumption is the noun,  assume is the verb.

Where are Alice and Chloe? Oh, if the kids aren't in the yard, they'll be playing  in their bedroom. I assume that's where they are.

Okay, so if you learned one new thing about the  future today, I am happy. Try to answer all these questions, all these points in my summary. Give me  a comment down below.

Or you can just write your answers in a notebook. Do something to review.  Thank you so much for watching, I can't wait to read your comments, and I can't wait to make  another video for you.

See you next time, bye! ! !